Bravo María Verónica, Bunout Daniel, Leiva Laura, de la Maza María Pía, Barrera Gladys, de la Maza Javier, Hirsch Sandra
Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2008 Aug;136(8):981-8. Epub 2008 Oct 7.
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is one of the most common adverse effects of antimicrobials. Any antimicrobial can potentially produce diarrhea but beta-lactamics have a higher risk. Among these, amoxicillin is widely indicated in ambulatory practice. One of the alternatives suggested to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea, is the use of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii.
To evaluate whether the concomitant use of Saccharomyces boulardii and amoxicillin can prevent antibiotic associated diarrhea in ambulatory adults with acute infections diseases, without provoking other adverse effects.
Eighty six adults (aged 15 to 81 years) with acute infectious diseases, excluding those arising in the gastrointestinal tract, that received a prescription of oral amoxicillin for 5 to 10 days, were included. In a controlled randomized, double blind trial, 41 patients were assigned to receive lyophilized Saccharomyces boulardii (500 mg/day) during 12 days, and 45 patients were assigned to placebo for the same period.
Ten percent of patients (9/86) reported acute diarrhea, 9,8% (4/41) in the experimental group and 11.196 (5/45) in the control group (p = 100). No adverse effects were associated to the use of the probiotic.
Saccharomyces boulardii (500 mg/day) did not prevent diarrhea related to amoxicillin.
抗生素相关性腹泻是抗菌药物最常见的不良反应之一。任何抗菌药物都有可能导致腹泻，但β-内酰胺类药物的风险更高。其中，阿莫西林在门诊治疗中应用广泛。预防抗生素相关性腹泻的一种建议方法是使用益生菌布拉酵母菌。
评估布拉酵母菌与阿莫西林联合使用能否预防患有急性感染性疾病的门诊成年患者发生抗生素相关性腹泻，且不引发其他不良反应。
纳入86名患有急性感染性疾病（不包括胃肠道疾病）的成年人（年龄15至81岁），他们接受了为期5至10天的口服阿莫西林治疗。在一项对照随机双盲试验中，41名患者被分配在12天内每日服用冻干布拉酵母菌（500毫克），45名患者在同一时期服用安慰剂。
10%的患者（9/86）报告出现急性腹泻，试验组为9.8%（4/41），对照组为11.1%（5/45）（p = 1.00）。使用益生菌未出现相关不良反应。
每日服用500毫克布拉酵母菌不能预防与阿莫西林相关的腹泻。
