Czerucka D, Piche T, Rampal P
INSERM U 526, Faculté de Médecine, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice Cedex 2, France.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Sep 15;26(6):767-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03442.x.
Probiotics are defined as live micro-organisms which confer a health benefit on the host. Although most probiotics are bacteria, one strain of yeast, Saccharomyces boulardii, has been found to be an effective probiotic in double-blind clinical studies.
To compare the main properties that differentiates yeast from bacteria and to review the properties of S. boulardii explaining its potential benefits as a probiotic.
The PubMed and Medline databases were searched using the keywords 'probiotics', 'yeast', 'antibiotic associated diarrhea', 'Saccharomyces boulardii','bacterial diarrhea' and 'inflammatory bowel disease' in various combinations.
Several clinical studies have been conducted with S. boulardii in the treatment and prevention of various forms of diarrhoea. Promising research perspectives have been opened in terms of maintenance treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. The mechanism of S. boulardii's action has been partially elucidated.
Saccharomyces boulardii is a strain of yeast which has been extensively studied for its probiotic effects. The clinical activity of S. boulardii is especially relevant to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent Clostridium difficile intestinal infections. Experimental studies clearly demonstrate that S. boulardii has specific probiotic properties, and recent data has opened the door for new therapeutic uses of this yeast as an 'immunobiotic'.
益生菌被定义为能给宿主带来健康益处的活微生物。尽管大多数益生菌是细菌，但已发现一种酵母菌株——布拉酵母菌，在双盲临床研究中是一种有效的益生菌。
比较酵母与细菌的主要区别特性，并综述布拉酵母菌的特性，解释其作为益生菌的潜在益处。
使用关键词“益生菌”“酵母”“抗生素相关性腹泻”“布拉酵母菌”“细菌性腹泻”和“炎症性肠病”的各种组合在PubMed和Medline数据库中进行检索。
已经对布拉酵母菌进行了多项临床研究，用于治疗和预防各种形式的腹泻。在炎症性肠病的维持治疗方面已经开启了有前景的研究视角。布拉酵母菌的作用机制已得到部分阐明。
布拉酵母菌是一种因其益生菌作用而被广泛研究的酵母菌株。布拉酵母菌的临床活性尤其与抗生素相关性腹泻和复发性艰难梭菌肠道感染相关。实验研究清楚地表明布拉酵母菌具有特定的益生菌特性，并且最近的数据为这种酵母作为“免疫益生菌”的新治疗用途打开了大门。
