Al-Farsi Mohamed Ali, Lee Chang Yong
Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2008 Nov;48(10):877-87. doi: 10.1080/10408390701724264.
This review article provides information on the nutritional and functional constituents of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and their seeds from over 80 references. Date flesh is found to be low in fat and protein but rich in sugars, mainly fructose and glucose. It is a high source of energy, as 100 g of flesh can provide an average of 314 kcal. Ten minerals were reported, the major being selenium, copper, potassium, and magnesium. The consumption of 100 g of dates can provide over 15% of the recommended daily allowance from these minerals. Vitamins B-complex and C are the major vitamins in dates. High in dietary fiber (8.0 g/100 g), insoluble dietary fiber was the major fraction of dietary fiber in dates. Dates are a good source of antioxidants, mainly carotenoids and phenolics. Date seeds contain higher protein (5.1 g/100 g) and fat (9.0 g/100 g) as compared to the flesh. It is also high in dietary fiber (73.1 g/100 g), phenolics (3942 mg/100 g) and antioxidants (80400 micromol/100 g). This detailed information on nutritional and health promoting components of dates and their seeds will enhance our knowledge and appreciation for the use of dates in our daily diet and their seeds as a functional food ingredient.
这篇综述文章从80多篇参考文献中提供了有关枣（Phoenix dactylifera L.）及其种子的营养和功能成分的信息。发现枣果肉脂肪和蛋白质含量低，但富含糖类，主要是果糖和葡萄糖。它是一种高能量来源，因为100克果肉平均可提供314千卡热量。报道了十种矿物质，主要是硒、铜、钾和镁。食用100克枣可提供这些矿物质推荐每日摄入量的15%以上。复合维生素B和维生素C是枣中的主要维生素。膳食纤维含量高（8.0克/100克），不溶性膳食纤维是枣中膳食纤维的主要部分。枣是抗氧化剂的良好来源，主要是类胡萝卜素和酚类物质。与果肉相比，枣种子含有更高的蛋白质（5.1克/100克）和脂肪（9.0克/100克）。它的膳食纤维（73.1克/100克）、酚类物质（3942毫克/100克）和抗氧化剂（80400微摩尔/100克）含量也很高。这些关于枣及其种子的营养和促进健康成分的详细信息将增进我们对枣在日常饮食中的使用以及将其种子作为功能性食品成分的了解和认识。
