Treatment results of apical surgery in premolar and molar teeth.

The purpose of this investigation was to study long-term treatment results following apical surgery in premolars and molars. These results were assessed by reexamination of 136 roots on which apical surgery was performed. The observation period varied from 6 months to 8 yr. According to radiographic and clinical criteria, the treatment results were considered successful in 44.1% of the roots, doubtful in 22.8%, and unsuccessful in 33.1%. Clinical signs and symptoms were associated with 33.1% of the roots, occurring significantly more in roots demonstrating radiographically unsatisfactory healing. The results are discussed with reference to other studies on apical surgery in posterior and anterior teeth. However, methodological differences do not permit the drawing of direct comparisons to those studies.