Carrillo de Albornoz M M, Pérez de Heredia J H, Sánchez Alvarez J, Tiberio López G, Hernández Palacios R, Rivero Puente A
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Pamplona.
Med Clin (Barc). 1991 Jun 8;97(2):50-2.
During one year (1988), a protocol study of the community-acquired pneumonias was carried out in patients referred to the Hospital Virgen del Camino in Pamplona (Health Area I or Northern Navarra), so as to have an epidemiological and microbiological knowledge of this disease in this geographic area.
A clinical protocol, microbiological investigation, 3 blood cultures, Gram stain and sputum culture and serological tests at admission and 20 days later (complement fixing antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence) were carried out. Chest radiographs were carried out on admission, on the third and seventh hospital days and subsequently depending on the evolution.
The causative organism was found in 141 of the 225 included patients (62%). Two or more organisms were identified in 19 (8%). In 84 (38%) no microorganism was found. The results for the causative organisms and their frequency were: Pneumococcus 12%, mycoplasma 12%, other bacteria (including Legionella) 11%, Q fever 8%, viruses 7%, and psitaccosis 4%. In 59% of patients there was an underlying disease and 39% developed complications. 4% of patients died.
22% of the community acquired pneumonias were cared for in the hospital, representing 6% of the admissions to the Internal Medicine Service. The etiologic diagnosis was made in 62% of the community-acquired pneumonias. 23% were of bacterial origin (including Legionella) and 31% were nonbacterial. There was a high incidence of pneumonias caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Coxiella burnetii.
1988年，针对转诊至潘普洛纳的比贞·德尔·卡米诺医院（卫生一区或北纳瓦拉）的患者开展了一项社区获得性肺炎的方案研究，以便了解该地理区域内这种疾病的流行病学和微生物学情况。
实施了临床方案、微生物学调查、3次血培养、革兰氏染色、痰培养以及入院时和20天后的血清学检测（补体结合抗体和间接免疫荧光）。入院时、住院第3天和第7天以及随后根据病情发展进行胸部X光检查。
在纳入研究的225例患者中，141例（62%）找到了病原体。19例（8%）鉴定出两种或更多种病原体。84例（38%）未发现微生物。病原体及其出现频率的结果为：肺炎球菌12%，支原体12%，其他细菌（包括军团菌）11%，Q热8%，病毒7%，鹦鹉热4%。59%的患者有基础疾病，39%出现并发症。4%的患者死亡。
22%的社区获得性肺炎患者在医院接受治疗，占内科服务入院患者的6%。62%的社区获得性肺炎患者做出了病因诊断。23%为细菌源性（包括军团菌），31%为非细菌源性。肺炎支原体和伯氏考克斯体引起的肺炎发病率较高。
