Heikinheimo K, Happonen R P
Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, Finland.
Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1991;87(2):245-57.
In situ hybridization is a new molecular biological technique which has made it possible to demonstrate messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription of a specific gene in tissue sections and in cell preparations. In addition to the immunocytochemical methods widely used to locate gene products, e.g. a protein, nucleic acid hybridization techniques are having growing impact in pathological research. Increasing availability of cloned nucleotide sequences of human genes and the recent development of very sensitive and specific hybridization methods is rapidly expanding the field of gene function studies in cell and tumour biology. As with immunocytochemical techniques, hybridization techniques require proper controls for specificity. A basic knowledge of molecular biology is essential to determine the optimal conditions for successful hybridization and to interpret the results correctly.
原位杂交是一种新的分子生物学技术，它使得在组织切片和细胞制剂中显示特定基因的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）转录成为可能。除了广泛用于定位基因产物（如蛋白质）的免疫细胞化学方法外，核酸杂交技术在病理学研究中的影响也日益增大。人类基因克隆核苷酸序列的可得性不断增加，以及最近非常灵敏和特异的杂交方法的发展，正在迅速扩大细胞和肿瘤生物学中基因功能研究的领域。与免疫细胞化学技术一样，杂交技术需要适当的特异性对照。分子生物学的基本知识对于确定成功杂交的最佳条件并正确解释结果至关重要。
