Elkassaby M H
Department of Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1316.
Trop Med Parasitol. 1991 Jun;42(2):79-81.
Ten Sudanese patients with Onchocerca volvulus infection were treated with a single oral dose of 150 micrograms/kg of ivermectin. Plasma samples were collected before treatment, 0.5, 1, 3, 4, 6, 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 7, and 30 days. Four patients were selected for nodulectomies and skin biopsies at 6, 18 and 30 hours and 3 days post treatment. Using these samples O. volvulus worm fragments were dissected free of host nodular tissues for ivermectin extraction. Ivermectin was present in the nodular tissue at 6 hr and persisted for 3 days. It was also detected in an individual worm tissue extract at a concentration similar to the nodule, but in subcutaneous fascial tissue higher concentrations were sometimes found. Ivermectin was detected by radioimmunoassay in the plasma of all patients at 1 hr and peak concentrations were reached in an average of 5.6 hr. The drug persisted at detectable levels for 7 days in 70% of the studied patients. Plasma samples were also collected from 16 treated Mexican onchocerciasis patients before ivermectin treatment and 4 hr treatment and from six individuals who served as controls. The Mexican patients had concentrations of ivermectin in their plasma similar to those in the Sudanese patients.
10名感染盘尾丝虫的苏丹患者接受了单剂量口服150微克/千克伊维菌素的治疗。在治疗前、治疗后0.5小时、1小时、3小时、4小时、6小时、12小时以及1天、2天、3天、7天和30天采集血浆样本。选择4名患者在治疗后6小时、18小时、30小时和3天进行结节切除术和皮肤活检。利用这些样本，将盘尾丝虫虫体片段从宿主结节组织中分离出来以提取伊维菌素。伊维菌素在6小时时存在于结节组织中，并持续3天。在单个虫体组织提取物中也检测到了伊维菌素，其浓度与结节中的相似，但在皮下筋膜组织中有时会发现更高的浓度。通过放射免疫测定法在所有患者血浆中1小时时检测到伊维菌素，平均在5.6小时时达到峰值浓度。在70%的研究患者中，该药物在可检测水平持续了7天。还在16名接受治疗的墨西哥盘尾丝虫病患者伊维菌素治疗前、治疗4小时后以及6名作为对照的个体中采集了血浆样本。墨西哥患者血浆中伊维菌素的浓度与苏丹患者相似。
