Geyer H, Augsburger H
Veterinär-Anatomisches Institut, Universität Zürich.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1991;133(5):229-42.
7 chamois-coloured mountain goats were used to investigate histologically and histochemically the processes of involution and redevelopment of the mammary gland after a lactation period of 8 to 10 months. Tissue specimens were obtained by incision biopsy at drying-off two months prepartum and afterwards in intervals of 8-16 days up to parturition. The findings of this investigation were compared with results of two former investigations, in which involution and proliferation of the gland were studied separately, thus precluding an overlapping of the two processes. At drying-off, after an 8 to 10 month-lactation, sections indicative of active lactation occurred concomitantly with sections at various stages of involution, as well as early stages of redeveloping alveoli. At 16 days post drying-off, the sections indicating lactation at first examination were in a stage of maximum involution and transformation. Thus, the time required for involution was reduced by half compared to drying-off at peak lactation. At 32 days post drying-off, stages of proliferation predominated with only a few involuting glands. Specimens obtained thereafter contained only redeveloping glands. The histological and histochemical differentiation between areas of involution and those of proliferation may present difficulties during the mid-portion of the dry period. There appears to be an association between the length of the time interval from drying-off to parturition and the rate of tissue transformation in the caprine mammary gland; the rate is increased when the duration of the dry period is reduced.
选用7只麂色山羊，对其乳腺在8至10个月的泌乳期后的退化和再发育过程进行组织学和组织化学研究。在产前两个月干奶期时通过切口活检获取组织标本，之后每隔8 - 16天直至分娩。将本次研究结果与之前两项研究的结果进行比较，在之前的研究中分别对腺体的退化和增殖进行了研究，从而排除了这两个过程的重叠。在干奶期，经过8至10个月的泌乳后，显示活跃泌乳的切片与处于不同退化阶段以及肺泡再发育早期阶段的切片同时出现。在干奶后16天，首次检查时显示泌乳的切片处于最大程度的退化和转变阶段。因此，与泌乳高峰期干奶相比，退化所需时间减少了一半。在干奶后32天，增殖阶段占主导，只有少数腺体在退化。此后获取的标本仅包含再发育的腺体。在干奶期中期，退化区域和增殖区域之间的组织学和组织化学区分可能存在困难。从干奶到分娩的时间间隔长度与山羊乳腺组织转变速率之间似乎存在关联；当干奶期持续时间缩短时，速率会增加。
