Friedman Lee S, Lukyanova Elena M, Serdiuk Andriy, Shkiryak-Nizhnyk Zoreslava A, Chislovska Nataliya V, Zvinchuk Alexander V, Oliynyk Irene, Hryhorczuk Daniel
University of Illinois, School of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(2):81-90. doi: 10.1080/17477160802449264.
While obesity is a growing epidemic in most developed countries, we still lack information on countries in economic transition. In this study, we evaluate the built environment, activity levels, economic status and dietary patterns associated with body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 85th percentile among 3-year-old Ukrainian children living through the downturn in the economy during the mid-1990s.
We evaluated 883 3-year-old children from the Ukraine ELSPAC cohort. Principal components analysis was used as a data reduction tool for dietary, built environment and activity variables. We evaluated predictors of elevated BMI (> or = 85th percentile) using a multivariable logistic regression model.
The final multivariable model showed that for every kilogram increase in the mother's weight, there was a corresponding 2% increase in risk of a child having a BMI> or = 85th percentile (OR=1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04). A higher social class and a friendly neighborhood were associated with higher BMI, whereas infrequent outings to places that require spending money was associated with lower BMI. Except for meat consumption, none of the dietary variables were associated with elevated BMI.
The picture in the Ukraine during the 1990s, a period of economic hardship, revealed that variables associated with higher standards of living were predictive of elevated BMI: higher social class, meat consumption and friendly neighborhoods. Variables associated with economic isolation were predictive of a lower risk of elevated BMI.
虽然肥胖在大多数发达国家呈日益流行之势，但我们仍缺乏经济转型国家的相关信息。在本研究中，我们评估了20世纪90年代中期经历经济衰退的乌克兰3岁儿童中，与体重指数（BMI）大于或等于第85百分位数相关的建成环境、活动水平、经济状况和饮食模式。
我们评估了来自乌克兰欧洲纵向孕期营养与儿童健康研究（ELSPAC）队列的883名3岁儿童。主成分分析被用作饮食、建成环境和活动变量的数据降维工具。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型评估BMI升高（>或=第85百分位数）的预测因素。
最终的多变量模型显示，母亲体重每增加1千克，孩子BMI>或=第85百分位数的风险相应增加2%（比值比[OR]=1.02；95%置信区间[CI]：1.00 - 1.04）。较高的社会阶层和友好的邻里关系与较高的BMI相关，而不常去需要花钱的地方出行与较低的BMI相关。除肉类消费外，没有其他饮食变量与BMI升高相关。
20世纪90年代乌克兰经济困难时期的情况表明，与较高生活水平相关的变量可预测BMI升高：较高的社会阶层、肉类消费和友好的邻里关系。与经济隔离相关的变量可预测BMI升高风险较低。
