1Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Brown University,Providence,RI,USA.
2Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2018 May;21(7):1243-1254. doi: 10.1017/S1368980017003913. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
Among young Samoan children, diet may not be optimal: in 2015, 16·1 % of 24-59-month-olds were overweight/obese, 20·3 % stunted and 34·1 % anaemic. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among 24-59-month-old Samoan children and evaluate their association with: (i) child, maternal and household characteristics; and (ii) nutritional status indicators (stunting, overweight/obesity, anaemia).
A community-based, cross-sectional study. Principal component analysis on 117 FFQ items was used to identify empirical dietary patterns. Distributions of child, maternal and household characteristics were examined by factor score quintiles. The regression of nutritional status indicators v. these quintiles was performed using logistic regression models.
Ten villages on the Samoan island of Upolu.
A convenience sample of mother-child pairs (n 305).
Two dietary patterns, modern and neo-traditional, emerged. The modern pattern was loaded with 'westernized' foods (red meat, condiments and snacks). The neo-traditional pattern included vegetables, local starches, coconuts, fish and poultry. Following the modern diet was associated with urban residence, greater maternal educational attainment, higher socio-economic status, lower vitamin C intake and higher sugar intake. Following the neo-traditional diet was associated with rural residence, lower socio-economic status, higher vitamin C intake and lower sugar intake. While dietary patterns were not related to stunting or anaemia, following the neo-traditional pattern was positively associated with child overweight/obesity (adjusted OR=4·23, 95 % CI 1·26, 14·17, for the highest quintile, P-trend=0·06).
Further longitudinal monitoring and evaluation of early childhood growth and development are needed to understand the influences of early diet on child health in Samoa.
在年轻的萨摩亚儿童中，饮食可能并不理想：2015 年，24-59 月龄的儿童中有 16.1%超重/肥胖，20.3%发育迟缓，34.1%贫血。本研究旨在确定 24-59 月龄萨摩亚儿童的饮食模式，并评估其与以下方面的关系：（i）儿童、产妇和家庭特征；（ii）营养状况指标（发育迟缓、超重/肥胖、贫血）。
基于社区的横断面研究。使用主成分分析对 117 项 FFQ 项目进行分析，以确定经验性饮食模式。通过因子得分五分位数检查儿童、产妇和家庭特征的分布情况。使用逻辑回归模型将营养状况指标与这些五分位数进行回归。
乌波卢岛萨摩亚的 10 个村庄。
方便选取的母子对（n 305）。
出现了两种饮食模式，即现代模式和新传统模式。现代模式富含“西式”食品（红肉、调味料和零食）。新传统模式包括蔬菜、当地淀粉、椰子、鱼和禽肉。遵循现代饮食与城市居住、产妇教育程度较高、社会经济地位较高、维生素 C 摄入量较低和糖摄入量较高有关。遵循新传统饮食与农村居住、社会经济地位较低、维生素 C 摄入量较高和糖摄入量较低有关。虽然饮食模式与发育迟缓或贫血无关，但遵循新传统模式与儿童超重/肥胖呈正相关（最高五分位数的调整优势比=4.23，95%CI 1.26，14.17，P 趋势=0.06）。
需要进一步进行纵向监测和评估儿童早期的生长发育，以了解萨摩亚早期饮食对儿童健康的影响。
