Ripamonti U, Parak R, Petit J-C
Bone Research Unit, Medical Research Council/University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Periodontal Res. 2009 Feb;44(1):81-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01086.x. Epub 2008 Oct 7.
In primates and in primates only, the transforming growth factor-b proteins induce endochondral bone formation. Transforming growth factor-b3 also induces periodontal tissue regeneration. Two regenerative treatments using human recombinant transforming growth factor-b3 were examined after implantation in mandibular furcation defects of the nonhuman primate, Papio ursinus.
Class III furcation defects were surgically created bilaterally in the mandibular first and second molars of two adult Chacma baboons (P. ursinus). Different doses of recombinant transforming growth factor-beta3 reconstituted with Matrigel matrix were implanted in the rectus abdominis muscle to induce heterotopic ossicles for subsequent transplantation to selected furcation defects. Twenty days after heterotopic implantation, periodontal defects were re-exposed, further debrided and implanted with minced fragments of induced heterotopic ossicles. Contralateral class III furcation defects were implanted directly with recombinant transforming growth factor-beta3 in Matrigel matrix with the addition of minced fragments of autogenous rectus abdominis muscle. Treated quadrants were not subjected to oral hygiene procedures so as to study the effect of the direct application of the recombinant morphogen in Matrigel on periodontal healing. Histomorphometric analyses on undecalcified sections cut from specimen blocks harvested on day 60 measured the area of newly formed alveolar bone and the coronal extension of the newly formed cementum along the exposed root surfaces.
Morphometric analyses showed greater alveolar bone regeneration and cementogenesis in furcation defects implanted directly with 75 microg of transforming growth factor-beta3 in Matrigel matrix with the addition of minced muscle tissue.
Matrigel matrix is an optimal delivery system for the osteogenic proteins of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, including the mammalian transforming growth factor-beta3 isoform. The addition of minced fragments of rectus abdominis muscle provides responding stem cells for further tissue induction and morphogenesis by the transforming growth factor-beta3 protein.
只有在灵长类动物中，转化生长因子-β蛋白可诱导软骨内成骨。转化生长因子-β3还可诱导牙周组织再生。在将人重组转化生长因子-β3植入非人灵长类动物狒狒的下颌根分叉缺损后，对两种再生治疗方法进行了研究。
在两只成年 chacma 狒狒（P. ursinus）的下颌第一和第二磨牙双侧手术制造III类根分叉缺损。将不同剂量的用基质胶基质重构的重组转化生长因子-β3植入腹直肌中诱导异位小骨，以便随后移植到选定的根分叉缺损处。异位植入20天后，再次暴露牙周缺损，进一步清创并植入诱导的异位小骨碎块。对侧III类根分叉缺损直接植入含自体腹直肌碎块的基质胶中的重组转化生长因子-β3。对治疗象限不进行口腔卫生程序，以便研究基质胶中重组形态发生素的直接应用对牙周愈合的影响。对从第60天收获的标本块切取的不脱钙切片进行组织形态计量分析，测量新形成的牙槽骨面积以及新形成的牙骨质沿暴露根面的冠向延伸。
形态计量分析显示，直接植入含肌肉组织碎块的基质胶中75微克转化生长因子-β3的根分叉缺损中，牙槽骨再生和牙骨质生成更多。
基质胶基质是转化生长因子-β超家族成骨蛋白的最佳递送系统，包括哺乳动物转化生长因子-β3亚型。添加腹直肌碎块为转化生长因子-β3蛋白进一步的组织诱导和形态发生提供反应性干细胞。
