Walsh A, Edwards H, Fraser J
School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia.
Health Educ Res. 2009 Jun;24(3):531-45. doi: 10.1093/her/cyn055. Epub 2008 Oct 28.
Fever is a natural protective response of the host organism. Mild to moderate fevers, up to 40.0 degrees C, have immunological benefits and do not need to be reduced. However, parents regularly reduce fever with medications to prevent perceived harmful outcomes. This study identified the determinants of parents' intentions to reduce childhood fever with medications. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with 391 Australian parents of children aged between 6 months and 5 years. Recruitment was through advertising, face-to-face and snowball methods. The survey targeted constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior: attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intentions and previously identified background factors. Structural equation modeling identified 69% of the variance in intentions. The strongest influences were from non-scientifically based attitudes (phobic) (beta=0.55) and subjective norms (husband/partner and doctors) (beta=0.36). Attitudes (beta=0.69) and subjective norms (beta=0.52) were strongly determined by child medication behavior (whether the child took medications easily when febrile) which had a total effect on intentions of beta=0.66. Perceived control, education and number of children had minimal influence on intentions. There is an urgent need for (i) the education of both parents in the benefits of fever and (ii) for doctors to consistently provide parents with evidence-based information.
发热是宿主生物体的一种自然保护反应。轻度至中度发热，体温高达40.0摄氏度，具有免疫益处，无需降温。然而，家长们经常用药来降低孩子的体温，以防出现他们认为的有害后果。本研究确定了家长用药降低儿童发热体温意愿的决定因素。对391名澳大利亚6个月至5岁儿童的家长进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。招募方式包括广告宣传、面对面和滚雪球式方法。该调查针对计划行为理论的相关要素：态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、意愿以及先前确定的背景因素。结构方程模型确定了意愿中69%的方差。最强的影响因素来自非科学依据的态度（恐惧）（β=0.55）和主观规范（丈夫/伴侣和医生）（β=0.36）。态度（β=0.69）和主观规范（β=0.52）很大程度上由儿童用药行为决定（孩子发热时是否容易服药），其对意愿的总效应为β=0.66。感知控制、教育程度和孩子数量对意愿的影响最小。迫切需要（i）对家长进行发热益处方面的教育，以及（ii）让医生持续为家长提供基于证据的信息。
