Dissen Erik, Fossum Sigbjørn, Hoelsbrekken Sigurd E, Saether Per C
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1105 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.
Semin Immunol. 2008 Dec;20(6):369-75. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2008.09.007. Epub 2008 Nov 1.
Natural killer (NK) cells discriminate between normal syngeneic cells and infected, neoplastic or MHC-disparate allogeneic cells. The reactivity of NK cells appears to be regulated by a balance between activating receptors that recognize non-self or altered self, and inhibitory receptors recognizing normal, self-encoded MHC class I molecules. Subfamilies of NK receptors undergo rapid evolution, and appear to co-evolve with the MHC. We here review present views on the evolution and function of NK cell receptors, with an emphasis on knowledge gained in cattle and rodents.
自然杀伤（NK）细胞能够区分正常的同基因细胞与被感染、发生肿瘤或MHC不匹配的异基因细胞。NK细胞的反应性似乎受激活受体与抑制受体之间平衡的调节，激活受体识别非自身或改变的自身，而抑制受体识别正常的、自身编码的MHC I类分子。NK受体亚家族经历快速进化，并且似乎与MHC共同进化。我们在此综述关于NK细胞受体进化和功能的当前观点，重点关注在牛和啮齿动物中获得的知识。
