Ybarra Michele L, Diener-West Marie, Markow Dana, Leaf Philip J, Hamburger Merle, Boxer Paul
Internet Solutions for Kids, Santa Ana, California 92705, USA.
Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):929-37. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3377.
The goal was to examine the association between violence in the media and the expression of seriously violent behavior among older children and teenagers in a national sample.
The Growing up with Media survey was a national, online survey of 1588 youths that was conducted in August and September 2006. Participants were 10- to 15-year-old youths who had used the Internet at least once in the past 6 months. The main outcome measure was self-reported seriously violent behavior, including (1) shooting or stabbing someone, (2) aggravated assault, (3) robbery, and (4) sexual assault.
Five percent of youths reported engaging in seriously violent behavior in the past 12 months. Thirty-eight percent reported exposure to violence online. Exposures to violence in the media, both online and off-line, were associated with significantly elevated odds for concurrently reporting seriously violent behavior. Compared with otherwise similar youths, those who indicated that many, most, or all of the Web sites they visited depicted real people engaged in violent behavior were significantly more likely to report seriously violent behavior. After adjustment for underlying differences in youth characteristics, respondents' alcohol use, propensity to respond to stimuli with anger, delinquent peers, parental monitoring, and exposures to violence in the community also were associated with significantly increased odds of concurrently reporting seriously violent behavior.
Exposure to violence in the media is associated with concurrent reports of seriously violent behavior across media (eg, games and music). Newer forms of violent media seem to be especially concerning.
本研究旨在通过一项全国性样本，探究媒体中的暴力内容与大龄儿童及青少年严重暴力行为表达之间的关联。
“与媒体一起成长”调查是一项于2006年8月和9月开展的针对1588名青少年的全国性在线调查。参与者为年龄在10至15岁、在过去6个月内至少使用过一次互联网的青少年。主要结局指标为自我报告的严重暴力行为，包括：（1）枪击或刺伤他人；（2）严重攻击行为；（3）抢劫；（4）性侵犯。
5%的青少年报告在过去12个月内有严重暴力行为。38%的青少年报告曾接触过网络暴力。无论是线上还是线下，接触媒体中的暴力内容均与同时报告严重暴力行为的几率显著升高相关。与其他情况类似的青少年相比，那些表示他们访问的许多、大多数或所有网站都描绘了真实人物的暴力行为的青少年，报告严重暴力行为的可能性显著更高。在对青少年特征的潜在差异进行调整后，受访者的饮酒情况、以愤怒回应刺激的倾向、不良同伴、父母监督以及社区暴力接触情况，也与同时报告严重暴力行为的几率显著增加相关。
接触媒体中的暴力内容与跨媒体（如游戏和音乐）同时报告的严重暴力行为相关。新型暴力媒体似乎尤其令人担忧。
