Patel A, Calfee R P, Plante M, Fischer S A, Arcand N, Born C
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008 Nov;90(11):1401-6. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.90B11.20771.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a ubiquitous bacterium in both the hospital and community setting. There are two major subclassifications of MRSA, community-acquired and healthcare-acquired, each with differing pathogenicity and management. MRSA is increasingly responsible for infections in otherwise healthy, active adults. Local outbreaks affect both professional and amateur athletes and there is increasing public awareness of the issue. Health-acquired MRSA has major cost and outcome implications for patients and hospitals. The increasing prevalence and severity of MRSA means that the orthopaedic community should have a basic knowledge of the bacterium, its presentation and options for treatment. This paper examines the evolution of MRSA, analyses the spectrum of diseases produced by this bacterium and presents current prevention and treatment strategies for orthopaedic infections from MRSA.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）已成为医院和社区环境中普遍存在的一种细菌。MRSA主要有两个亚分类，即社区获得性和医疗保健相关性，每种类型的致病性和管理方式都有所不同。MRSA越来越多地导致原本健康、活跃的成年人发生感染。局部暴发影响职业和业余运动员，公众对这一问题的认识也在不断提高。医疗保健相关性MRSA对患者和医院有重大的成本和预后影响。MRSA患病率和严重程度的不断增加意味着骨科领域的专业人员应具备关于这种细菌、其表现形式及治疗选择的基本知识。本文探讨了MRSA的演变，分析了该细菌所引发疾病的范围，并介绍了目前针对骨科MRSA感染的预防和治疗策略。
