de Leon-Casasola Oscar
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008 Nov;35 Suppl:7-12. doi: 10.1188/08.ONF.S1.7-12.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review strategies to optimize the management of chronic pain in patients with cancer, with an emphasis on the role of opioid analgesics.
Published research, articles from a literature review, and U. S. statistics.
Treatment for cancer pain remains suboptimal. With the therapies currently available, as much as 90% of cancer pain can be controlled. Opioid analgesics are an important component of pain management in patients with cancer.
The management of cancer pain is a challenging endeavor that requires an understanding of the etiologies of cancer and the types of pain they can produce. Opioid analgesics are a mainstay of treatment for cancer pain. New drug formulations, delivery systems, and strategies, particularly opioid rotation, are available to optimize cancer pain management.
Opioid rotation may be useful for opening the therapeutic window and establishing a more advantageous analgesic-to-toxicity ratio in patients with cancer.
目的/目标：回顾优化癌症患者慢性疼痛管理的策略，重点关注阿片类镇痛药的作用。
已发表的研究、文献综述文章以及美国统计数据。
癌症疼痛的治疗仍未达到最佳效果。采用目前可用的疗法，多达90%的癌症疼痛可得到控制。阿片类镇痛药是癌症患者疼痛管理的重要组成部分。
癌症疼痛的管理是一项具有挑战性的工作，需要了解癌症的病因及其可能产生的疼痛类型。阿片类镇痛药是癌症疼痛治疗的主要手段。有新的药物剂型、给药系统和策略，尤其是阿片类药物轮换，可用于优化癌症疼痛管理。
阿片类药物轮换可能有助于为癌症患者打开治疗窗口并建立更有利的镇痛与毒性比。
