Peralta Regina H S, Melo Daniel G S, Gonçalves Margareth M L, D'Andrea Paulo S, Rey Luis, Machado-Silva José R, Peralta José M
Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Marques do Paraná, 303, Niterói 24030-210, RJ, Brazil.
J Parasitol. 2009 Jun;95(3):764-6. doi: 10.1645/GE-1632.1.
The existence of wild rodents naturally infected by Schistosoma mansoni is a drawback for schistosomiasis control programs. As a consequence, it is necessary to have a precise diagnosis of S. mansoni infection in wild rodents (water rats; Nectomys squamipes), the species seemingly involved in the transmission of schistosomiasis at Sumindouro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 78 specimens of N. squamipes was captured in an endemic area at Vale do Pamparrão and Porteira Verde, Sumidouro, Brazil; 5 more were born in captivity and experimentally infected. The sensitivity and specificity of the coprological method of Kato-Katz and serological methods, i.e., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot (WB), were compared. The rodents were subsequently killed and necropsied to confirm infection. The prevalences observed using ELISA (48%) and WB (41%) were equivalent to those found at necropsy (41%). The ELISA showed a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 87%, whereas the WB showed a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 89%. The Kato-Katz method exhibited 50% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The differences found among the ELISA, WB, and necropsy, when compared with Kato-Katz, may be related to the low sensitivity of the coprological method. Serological methods should be used for more reliable epidemiological information.
存在自然感染曼氏血吸虫的野生啮齿动物是血吸虫病控制项目的一个不利因素。因此，有必要对野生啮齿动物（水鼠；Nectomys squamipes）中的曼氏血吸虫感染进行精确诊断，该物种似乎参与了巴西里约热内卢苏明杜罗血吸虫病的传播。在巴西苏明杜罗潘帕朗谷和波特拉韦尔德的一个流行地区共捕获了78只N. squamipes标本；另外5只是圈养出生并经实验感染的。比较了加藤卡氏粪检法和血清学方法（即酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和蛋白质印迹法（WB））的敏感性和特异性。随后将这些啮齿动物处死并进行尸检以确认感染情况。ELISA法（48%）和WB法（41%）观察到的患病率与尸检时发现的患病率（41%）相当。ELISA法的敏感性为97%，特异性为87%，而WB法的敏感性为87%，特异性为89%。加藤卡氏法的敏感性为50%，特异性为100%。与加藤卡氏法相比，ELISA法、WB法和尸检法之间发现的差异可能与粪检法的低敏感性有关。血清学方法应用于获取更可靠的流行病学信息。
