Palmieri C, Loi P, Ptak G, Della Salda L
Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Vet Pathol. 2008 Nov;45(6):865-80. doi: 10.1354/vp.45-6-865.
Cloning of cattle, sheep, and mice by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) can result in apparently healthy offspring, but the probability of a successful and complete pregnancy is less than 5%. Failures of SCNT pregnancy are associated with placental abnormalities, such as placentomegaly, reduced vascularisation, hypoplasia of trophoblastic epithelium, and altered basement membrane. The pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood, but current evidence implicates aberrant reprogramming of donor nuclei by the recipient oocyte cytoplast, resulting in epigenetic modifications of key regulatory genes essential for normal placental development. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the anatomic pathology of abnormal placentae of SCNT clones and to summarize current knowledge concerning underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.
通过体细胞核移植（SCNT）克隆牛、羊和小鼠可产生表面上健康的后代，但成功且完整怀孕的概率不到5%。SCNT怀孕失败与胎盘异常有关，如胎盘肿大、血管化减少、滋养层上皮发育不全以及基底膜改变。这些变化的发病机制尚不清楚，但目前的证据表明，受体卵母细胞胞质对供体细胞核的重编程异常，导致对正常胎盘发育至关重要的关键调控基因发生表观遗传修饰。本综述的目的是概述SCNT克隆异常胎盘的解剖病理学，并总结有关潜在发病机制的当前知识。
