Musalek Michael, Scheibenbogen Oliver
Anton Proksch Institute, Gräfin Zichy Strasse 6, Vienna, Austria.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008 Nov;258 Suppl 5:18-21. doi: 10.1007/s00406-008-5007-1.
The problem of inhomogeneous categories and the difficulty of drawing boundaries as well as individual progression of the severity of psychopathologic phenomena necessitate a change of paradigm from categorical to dimensional diagnostics. Not only pathogenetic factors but also disorder maintaining factors such as the stigmatization and the significance of the disorder for the patient must be factored into the diagnostic process to ensure therapy relevancy. In addition to this deficiency-oriented approach holistic person-centred diagnostics focuses on the integration of resources, i.e. the abilities and skills, talents and inclinations of the patient, in order to adequately help a patient to resume/live an autonomous life that is as happy as possible.
类别不均一的问题、划定界限的困难以及精神病理现象严重程度的个体进展，使得诊断范式有必要从类别诊断转变为维度诊断。在诊断过程中，不仅要考虑致病因素，还要考虑诸如污名化以及该疾病对患者的重要性等维持疾病的因素，以确保治疗的相关性。除了这种以缺陷为导向的方法外，整体的以患者为中心的诊断还注重整合资源，即患者的能力、技能、天赋和倾向，以便充分帮助患者恢复/过上尽可能幸福的自主生活。
