Lee Andy H, Fraser Michelle L, Binns Colin W
School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA, Australia.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Feb;53(2):256-65. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200800218.
Worldwide, prostate cancer has the second highest incidence of all cancers in males with incidence and mortality being much higher in affluent developed countries. Risk and progression of the disease may be linked to both genetic and environmental factors, especially dietary factors. Tea and coffee are two of the most popular beverages in the world and have been investigated for possible effects on health outcomes, including cancer. However, very little dietary advice for their consumption exists. The evidence for a relationship between coffee or tea consumption and prostate cancer is reviewed in this paper. While current evidence indicates that coffee is a safe beverage, its consumption probably has no relationship with prostate cancer. Tea, especially green tea, has shown some potential in the prevention of prostate cancer. While evidence from epidemiologic studies is currently inconclusive, strong evidence has emerged from animal and in vitro studies. We also consider what level of evidence is required to make recommendations for preventive measures to the public. Although evidence on the relationship between coffee, tea and prostate cancer is not complete, we consider it strong enough to recommend tea as a healthier alternative to coffee.
在全球范围内，前列腺癌是男性所有癌症中发病率第二高的癌症，在富裕的发达国家，其发病率和死亡率要高得多。该疾病的风险和进展可能与遗传和环境因素有关，尤其是饮食因素。茶和咖啡是世界上最受欢迎的两种饮品，人们已经对它们可能对包括癌症在内的健康结果产生的影响进行了研究。然而，关于饮用它们的饮食建议却很少。本文综述了饮用咖啡或茶与前列腺癌之间关系的证据。虽然目前的证据表明咖啡是一种安全的饮品，但饮用咖啡可能与前列腺癌没有关系。茶，尤其是绿茶，在预防前列腺癌方面已显示出一些潜力。虽然流行病学研究的证据目前尚无定论，但动物和体外研究已经出现了有力证据。我们还考虑了需要何种证据水平才能向公众推荐预防措施。尽管关于咖啡、茶与前列腺癌之间关系的证据并不完整，但我们认为其强度足以推荐茶作为比咖啡更健康的选择。
