Family Medicine Clinic and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
BJU Int. 2010 Sep;106(6):762-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09493.x. Epub 2010 Jun 30.
To evaluate the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer.
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of relevant articles in August 2009. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria.
Twelve epidemiological studies (eight case-control studies and four cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. In a meta-analysis of all included studies, when compared with the lowest level of coffee consumption, the overall relative risk (RR) of prostate cancer for the highest level of coffee consumption was 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.33). In subgroup meta-analyses by study design, there was a significant positive (harmful) association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk in seven case-control studies using both crude and adjusted data (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.40; and RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.03-1.43, respectively), whereas there was no significant association in four cohort studies using crude or adjusted data (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.68-1.38; and RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.83-1.35, respectively).
Given that a cohort study gives a higher level of evidence than a case-control study, there is no evidence to support a harmful effect of coffee consumption on prostate cancer risk. Further prospective cohort studies are required.
评估咖啡饮用与前列腺癌风险之间的关联。
我们于 2009 年 8 月检索了 PubMed、EMBASE 和相关文章的参考文献。两名评估员根据预先确定的选择标准独立审查和选择文章。
最终分析纳入了 12 项流行病学研究（8 项病例对照研究和 4 项队列研究）。在对所有纳入研究的荟萃分析中，与最低咖啡饮用水平相比，最高咖啡饮用水平的前列腺癌总体相对风险（RR）为 1.16（95%置信区间 [CI] 1.01-1.33）。在按研究设计进行的亚组荟萃分析中，在使用原始和调整数据的 7 项病例对照研究中，咖啡饮用与前列腺癌风险之间存在显著的正相关（有害关联）（RR 1.20，95% CI 1.02-1.40；RR 1.21，95% CI 1.03-1.43），而在使用原始或调整数据的 4 项队列研究中，两者之间无显著关联（RR 0.97，95% CI 0.68-1.38；RR 1.06，95% CI 0.83-1.35）。
鉴于队列研究比病例对照研究提供了更高水平的证据，因此没有证据支持咖啡饮用对前列腺癌风险有不良影响。需要进一步开展前瞻性队列研究。
