Eisenstein Leah, Bodager Dean, Ginzl Dawn
Bureau of Epidemiology, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee 32399, USA.
J Environ Health. 2008 Oct;71(3):18-22; quiz 49-50.
An outbreak of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis was identified in central Florida in September 2006. Environmental and epidemiological investigations indicated the likely source was a neighborhood interactive water fountain in a large upscale urban neighborhood. Forty-nine cases meeting the case definition were identified, of which 38 were giardiasis, nine were cryptosporidiosis, and two were co-infections. The median age of those affected was four years old, and 32 (65.3%) cases were male. This outbreak and other similar occurrences highlight the need to design and implement more stringent disinfection practices and filtration requirements for treated interactive water venues. Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts are small and chlorine-resistant, and they may require supplemental disinfection methods, such as ultraviolet light irradiation, ozonation, or chlorine dioxide. Individuals who use these types of venues also need to change their behavior to prevent disease transmission. This is the first documentation of a giardiasis outbreak associated with exposure to an interactive water fountain in the United States.
2006年9月，佛罗里达州中部发现了一起贾第虫病和隐孢子虫病疫情。环境和流行病学调查表明，可能的源头是一个大型高档城市社区内的邻里互动式喷泉。确定了49例符合病例定义的病例，其中38例为贾第虫病，9例为隐孢子虫病，2例为混合感染。受影响者的年龄中位数为4岁，32例（65.3%）为男性。此次疫情及其他类似事件凸显了对经过处理的互动式水上游乐场所设计和实施更严格消毒措施及过滤要求的必要性。贾第虫囊肿和隐孢子虫卵囊体积小且耐氯，可能需要紫外线照射、臭氧处理或二氧化氯等补充消毒方法。使用这类场所的个人也需要改变行为以预防疾病传播。这是美国首次记录与接触互动式喷泉相关的贾第虫病疫情。
