O'Donnell Sharon I, Hoerr Sharon L, Mendoza Jason A, Tsuei Goh Eugenia
USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Nov;88(5):1388-95. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26197.
Exposure of children to kids meals at fast food restaurants is high; however, the nutrient quality of such meals has not been systematically assessed.
We assessed the nutrient quality of fast food meals marketed to young children, ie, "kids meals."
The nutrient quality of kids meals was assessed primarily by using criteria from the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). Analysis compared the nutrient values of meals offered by major fast food companies with restaurants in Houston, TX, with complete publicly available data. Data described every combination of meals offered in the target market. For each meal combination, the following were analyzed: total energy, percentage of energy from fat, total fat, saturated fat, sodium, total carbohydrates, dietary fiber, added sugars, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron, energy density (food only), and the number of NSLP nutrient criteria met.
Three percent of kids meals met all NSLP criteria. Those that met all criteria offered a side of fruit plus milk. Most were deli-sandwich-based meals. Meals that met the criteria had about one-third the fat, one-sixth the added sugars, twice the iron, and 3 times the amount of vitamin A and calcium as did kids meals that did not meet the criteria (P <or= 0.001). Meals that did not meet the NSLP criteria were more than 1.5 times more energy dense than those that did meet the criteria (P < 0.001).
Kids meals that met the NSLP criteria are uncommon and are lower in energy density. These meals may contribute to the nutritional status of children.
儿童接触快餐店儿童套餐的比例很高；然而，此类套餐的营养质量尚未得到系统评估。
我们评估了面向幼儿销售的快餐套餐（即“儿童套餐”）的营养质量。
主要采用国家学校午餐计划（NSLP）的标准评估儿童套餐的营养质量。分析比较了德克萨斯州休斯顿主要快餐公司提供的套餐与有完整公开数据的餐厅套餐的营养价值。数据描述了目标市场提供的套餐的每种组合。对于每种套餐组合，分析了以下内容：总能量、脂肪能量百分比、总脂肪、饱和脂肪、钠、总碳水化合物、膳食纤维、添加糖、蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、钙、铁、能量密度（仅食物）以及符合NSLP营养标准的数量。
3%的儿童套餐符合所有NSLP标准。符合所有标准的套餐搭配一份水果和一份牛奶。大多数是以熟食三明治为主的套餐。符合标准的套餐的脂肪含量约为不符合标准的儿童套餐的三分之一，添加糖含量为六分之一，铁含量为两倍，维生素A和钙含量为三倍（P≤0.001）。不符合NSLP标准的套餐的能量密度比符合标准的套餐高1.5倍以上（P<0.001）。
符合NSLP标准的儿童套餐并不常见，且能量密度较低。这些套餐可能有助于儿童的营养状况。
