Mannheim Institute for Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 7-11, D-68167Mannheim, Germany.
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Jan;23(1):102-111. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002398. Epub 2019 Sep 2.
In light of the increasing prevalence of juvenile obesity seen around the world, obesogenic environments in general and the food environment in particular are receiving increasing attention in current public health research. Restaurants play a significant role in the food environment. The present study aimed to quantitatively describe and qualitatively evaluate the range of children's meals available in full-service restaurants in Germany.
Five hundred restaurants were identified using a systematic quota sampling technique. The individual meals were evaluated using quality standards stipulated by the German Nutrition Society (DGE).
Nationwide sample of menus from full-service restaurants.
Meals (n 1877) from 500 menus were analysed.
Menus included 3·76 (sd 1·31) meals for children. About 70 % of the meals were limited to six typical dishes of low nutritional quality. In total, 54 % of meals included French fries or another form of fried potatoes. Of all meals, 23 % did not fulfil any of the eleven quality criteria set by the DGE and 38 % satisfied only one criterion. The majority of dishes on offer featured high energy density while simultaneously having low nutrient density. Healthy dishes were not highlighted visually in any menu.
The range of dishes on offer for children in German restaurants is severely lacking in variety and in need of improvement from a nutritional point of view. Considering the growing importance of restaurants as food environments, there is a need to improve the presentation of menus and the meals offered.
鉴于世界各地青少年肥胖症的患病率不断上升，肥胖环境，尤其是食物环境，在当前公共卫生研究中受到越来越多的关注。餐厅在食物环境中扮演着重要的角色。本研究旨在定量描述和定性评估德国全方位服务餐厅提供的儿童餐种类。
采用系统配额抽样技术确定了 500 家餐厅。使用德国营养学会（DGE）规定的质量标准对各个餐点进行评估。
来自全方位服务餐厅的全国性菜单样本。
分析了 500 份菜单中的 1877 份餐点。
菜单中包含 3.76（标准差 1.31）份儿童餐。约 70%的餐点仅限于六种低营养质量的典型菜肴。总共有 54%的餐点包括薯条或其他形式的炸土豆。在所有餐点中，23%不符合 DGE 设定的 11 项质量标准中的任何一项，38%仅满足一项标准。提供的大多数菜肴能量密度高，而营养密度低。在任何菜单中，健康菜肴都没有以视觉形式突出显示。
德国餐厅提供的儿童餐品种严重匮乏，从营养角度来看需要改进。考虑到餐厅作为食物环境的重要性日益增加，需要改进菜单和提供的餐点的呈现方式。
