Adler Edda
Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas.
Vertex. 2008 May-Jun;19(79):95-8.
The concept of "the placebo effect", mainly applied to the therapeutic management of pain, has been extensively studied and refers to the possibility to obtain analgesic effects through the administration of inert substances. The opposite evidence, i.e. the induction of pain through verbal suggestions, has validated the concept of nocebo effect, that implies that the expectative of a negative event could cause, per se, the worsening of a symptom. The neurochemical approach of the placebo-nocebo phenomenon involves the existence of opposite neuronal systems, activated for expectations regarding pain. Opioids would mediate placebo analgesia whereas cholecystokinin would account for the increase in pain. Healing through words, under the light of the present knowledge, would imply that a link exists between psychosocial and pharmacologic effects, important from the point of view of the therapeutic management of pain.
“安慰剂效应”这一概念主要应用于疼痛的治疗管理，已得到广泛研究，它指的是通过给予惰性物质获得镇痛效果的可能性。相反的证据，即通过言语暗示诱发疼痛，证实了“反安慰剂效应”的概念，这意味着对负面事件的预期本身可能导致症状恶化。安慰剂 - 反安慰剂现象的神经化学方法涉及存在相反的神经元系统，这些系统因对疼痛的预期而被激活。阿片类药物介导安慰剂镇痛，而胆囊收缩素则导致疼痛加剧。根据目前的知识，通过言语治愈意味着心理社会和药理效应之间存在联系，这从疼痛治疗管理的角度来看很重要。
