Ellinger Isabella, Fuchs Renate
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2008;158(19-20):579-82. doi: 10.1007/s10354-008-0600-5.
Hepatocytes take up macromolecules from the circulation by receptor-mediated and/or fluid-phase endocytosis. These molecules are either selectively or nonspecifically transported through the cell (transcytosis) and are subsequently secreted into bile. As transcytosis of diverse fluid-phase markers (FPM) is still poorly characterized, biliary secretion of two FPMs (horseradish peroxidase (HRP), FITC-Dextran) was studied in the isolated perfused rat liver following short-term (1 min) single-pulse administration. HRP was secreted into bile with a fast (5 min) and slow (15 min) transit time, while FITC-dextran appeared in bile in a single peak at 7 min. Short-time reversible cholestasis, induced by bile duct ligation (BDL), had been shown to affect HRP secretion. Here, we compare the influence of 2 h BDL on post-cholestatic biliary secretion of HRP and FITC-dextran. BDL drastically stimulated the fast component of HRP secretion into bile, but had an effect neither on the second HRP peak nor on the appearance of FITC-dextran in bile. Perfusion at low temperature (16 degrees C) under control and post-cholestatic conditions suppressed both, the second HRP peak and the appearance of FITC-dextran in bile, but uptake of FPM by endocytosis was not inhibited as the markers were secreted upon re-warming to 37 degrees C. In addition, perfusion at low temperature under control and post-cholestatic conditions delayed the appearance of the fast HRP peak in bile and it abrogated the stimulating effect of BDL on the first HRP peak. These data indicate that BDL boosts HRP secretion along a temperature-sensitive transcellular pathway and/or a paracellular route. This fast route is taken only by HRP but not by FITC-dextran, the latter being exclusively transported by a transcellular route under all conditions investigated.
肝细胞通过受体介导的内吞作用和/或液相内吞作用从循环中摄取大分子。这些分子通过细胞进行选择性或非特异性转运(转胞吞作用),随后分泌到胆汁中。由于多种液相标记物(FPM)的转胞吞作用仍未得到充分表征,因此在短期(1分钟)单脉冲给药后,在离体灌注大鼠肝脏中研究了两种FPM(辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)、异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖)的胆汁分泌情况。HRP以快速(5分钟)和缓慢(15分钟)的转运时间分泌到胆汁中,而异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖在7分钟时以单峰形式出现在胆汁中。胆管结扎(BDL)诱导的短期可逆性胆汁淤积已被证明会影响HRP的分泌。在此,我们比较了2小时BDL对胆汁淤积后HRP和异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖胆汁分泌的影响。BDL极大地刺激了HRP分泌到胆汁中的快速成分,但对HRP的第二个峰值以及异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖在胆汁中的出现均无影响。在对照和胆汁淤积后条件下,低温(16℃)灌注抑制了HRP的第二个峰值以及异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖在胆汁中的出现,但由于标记物在重新升温至37℃时分泌,内吞作用对FPM的摄取并未受到抑制。此外,在对照和胆汁淤积后条件下,低温灌注延迟了胆汁中快速HRP峰值的出现,并消除了BDL对第一个HRP峰值的刺激作用。这些数据表明,BDL通过一条温度敏感的跨细胞途径和/或细胞旁途径促进HRP的分泌。这条快速途径仅被HRP采用,而异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖不采用,在所有研究条件下,后者仅通过跨细胞途径转运。