Chang J J, Engels P, Hoefer M A
Washington State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pullman, Washington, D.C. 99164, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Oct 24;101(17):170404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.170404. Epub 2008 Oct 23.
The processes of merging and splitting dilute-gas Bose-Einstein condensates are studied in the nonadiabatic, high-density regime. Rich dynamics are found. Depending on the experimental parameters, uniform soliton trains containing more than ten solitons or the formation of a high-density bulge as well as dispersive shock waves are observed experimentally within merged BECs. Our numerical simulations indicate the formation of many vortex rings. In the case of splitting a BEC, the transition from sound-wave formation to dispersive shock-wave formation is studied by use of increasingly stronger splitting barriers. These experiments realize prototypical dispersive shock situations.
在非绝热、高密度 regime 下研究了稀薄气体玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体的合并和分裂过程。发现了丰富的动力学现象。根据实验参数，在合并的玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体中实验观察到包含十多个孤子的均匀孤子列、高密度凸起的形成以及色散冲击波。我们的数值模拟表明形成了许多涡环。在玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体分裂的情况下，通过使用越来越强的分裂势垒研究了从声波形成到色散冲击波形成的转变。这些实验实现了典型的色散激波情形。
