Schubert R, Kitz R, Beermann C, Rose M A, Lieb A, Sommerer P C, Moskovits J, Alberternst H, Böhles H J, Schulze J, Zielen S
Department of Pediatrics/ZAFES, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2009;148(4):321-9. doi: 10.1159/000170386. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
We investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on specific bronchial inflammation. Allergic asthmatics were challenged using a low-dose allergen provocation model.
Our parallel double-blinded study randomly assigned 23 house dust mite-allergic asthmatics (aged 22-29 years; 13 females, 10 males) to dietary supplementation with either an n-3 PUFA-enriched fat blend (0.69 g/day) or placebo for 5 weeks. After 3 weeks, the patients were challenged daily with low doses of mite allergen for 2 weeks. Primary outcome parameters were effects on lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEV(1)) and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) as a marker of bronchial inflammation.
Even before the bronchial challenge, eNO was significantly lower in the n-3 PUFA group (p=0.014). Levels of eNO increased during allergen exposure in both groups, but differences in means were significantly lower in the n-3 PUFA group (p=0.022). During the low-dose allergen challenge, there were no differences between the groups with regard to symptoms, FEV(1) or the allergen dose required to induce deterioration of lung function (PD(20)). Numbers of sputum eosinophils did not differ significantly, while serum eosinophils (10.1+/-0.1.84 vs. 5.79+/-0.69%) as well as changes in eosinophilic cationic protein (20.5+/-9.93 vs. -1.68+/-4.36 ng/ml) and in vitro cysteinyl leukotriene release (2,889+/-872 vs. 1,120+/-173 ng/ml) were significantly lower in the n-3 PUFA group (p<0.05 each).
Our results provide evidence that dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA is able to reduce bronchial inflammation even after low-dose allergen challenge.
我们研究了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对特定支气管炎症的抗炎潜力。使用低剂量过敏原激发模型对过敏性哮喘患者进行激发试验。
我们的平行双盲研究将23名屋尘螨过敏性哮喘患者（年龄22 - 29岁；女性13名，男性10名）随机分为两组，一组每天补充富含n-3 PUFA的脂肪混合物（0.69克/天），另一组补充安慰剂，为期5周。3周后，患者每天接受低剂量螨过敏原激发试验，持续2周。主要结局参数为对肺功能（第1秒用力呼气量，FEV(1)）的影响以及作为支气管炎症标志物的呼出气一氧化氮（eNO）。
即使在支气管激发试验之前，n-3 PUFA组的eNO就显著降低（p = 0.014）。两组在过敏原暴露期间eNO水平均升高，但n-3 PUFA组的均值差异显著更低（p = 0.022）。在低剂量过敏原激发试验期间，两组在症状、FEV(1)或导致肺功能恶化所需的过敏原剂量（PD(20)）方面没有差异。痰嗜酸性粒细胞数量无显著差异，而n-3 PUFA组的血清嗜酸性粒细胞（10.1±0.1.84%对5.79±0.69%）以及嗜酸性阳离子蛋白的变化（20.5±9.93对 - 1.68±4.36纳克/毫升）和体外半胱氨酰白三烯释放（2,889±872对1,120±173纳克/毫升）均显著更低（每组p < 0.05）。
我们的结果表明，即使在低剂量过敏原激发试验后，补充n-3 PUFA饮食仍能减轻支气管炎症。
