Children Hospital, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2008;44(10):768-74.
To define 24-h characteristics of arterial blood pressure in healthy adolescent girls and boys; to determine gender-related differences of blood pressure, its circadian pattern.
The 24-h blood pressure was monitored hourly in healthy girls (n=22, without no account for the menstrual cycle phase) and boys (n=22). Additionally, blood pressure of adolescent girls (n=15) was examined during different phases of their menstrual cycle (follicular, ovulation, and luteal). Blood pressure was monitored with an auto-cuff automatic outpatient blood pressure monitor.
Investigation showed gender-related differences in 24-h blood pressure. Study results revealed the circadian blood pressure rhythm characterized by a period of low values during nighttime and an early morning increase in both adolescent groups. Nocturnal systolic blood pressure was higher (P<0.05) in boys than in girls in all phases of their menstrual cycle. Diurnal systolic blood pressure in boys was higher than in girls in their follicular phase (P<0.05). The day and night blood pressure differed between boys and girls (P<0.05). A dipping blood pressure pattern as a decrease in mean nighttime blood pressure as compared with mean daytime blood pressure was defined: 10.02+/-6.7% in girls (n=22) and 13+/-6.3% in boys (n=22), without gender-related differences (P>0.05). There were no differences in blood pressure dipping among girls' groups in different menstrual cycle phases (P>0.05). Adolescent boys showed a significant positive correlation between their mean diurnal blood pressure and height (P<0.05).
The study proved gender-related arterial blood pressure differences in healthy adolescents. The results demonstrate the gender-specific circadian blood pressure rhythm pattern in both gender groups.
摘要
定义健康青少年女性和男性的 24 小时动脉血压特征；确定血压的性别差异及其昼夜模式。
在健康女孩（n=22，不考虑月经周期阶段）和男孩（n=22）中每小时监测 24 小时血压。此外，还在青春期女孩（n=15）的月经周期的不同阶段（卵泡期、排卵期和黄体期）检查血压。血压用自动袖带自动门诊血压监测仪监测。
研究表明 24 小时血压存在性别差异。研究结果显示，昼夜血压节律特征是夜间血压值较低，两个青少年组在清晨血压升高。在他们的月经周期的所有阶段，夜间收缩压在男孩中均高于女孩（P<0.05）。在卵泡期，男孩的日间收缩压高于女孩（P<0.05）。男孩和女孩的日间和夜间血压存在差异（P<0.05）。血压下降模式定义为与日间血压相比，夜间平均血压下降：女孩（n=22）为 10.02+/-6.7%，男孩（n=22）为 13+/-6.3%，无性别差异（P>0.05）。在不同月经周期阶段，女孩组的血压下降无差异（P>0.05）。青春期男孩的日间平均血压与身高呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。
该研究证明了健康青少年的动脉血压存在性别差异。结果表明，两个性别组的昼夜血压节律模式具有性别特异性。
