Milk hygiene and udder health in the periurban area of Hamdallaye, Niger.

The prevalence of intra-mammary infections in dairy herds was studied in Hamdallaye, Niger. A total of 956 milk samples were collected in 2007 from 239 lactating cows of four local breeds in eight traditional herds; the first sampling was undertaken in the dry season at morning milking, and the second in the rainy season at evening milking. Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CNS) and environmental microorganisms were detected in significantly (p < 0.05) more samples in the rainy season, 55.2%, than in the dry season, 27.1%. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in prevalence were observed among herds and according to lactation number. Infections were assigned to four classes, according to the major pathogen, and the respective mean somatic cell counts during the dry season were: S. aureus, 775 x 10(3) cells/ml; CNS, 447 x 10(3) cells/ml; environmental microorganisms, 407 x 10(3) cells/ml; and non-infected, 262 x 10(3) cells/ml. Most of the tested strains were sensitive to antibiotics, and selected strains of S. aureus (n = 15) were negative to the multiplex PCR tests for production of enterotoxins.