Meier Jeremy D, Tollefson Travis T
University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Dec;16(6):555-61. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283169321.
To review the epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment of pediatric facial trauma, with emphasis on the unique challenges encountered in the pediatric patient. Current controversies in management will be discussed.
Much of the current literature relating to pediatric facial trauma focuses on the etiology and epidemiology of these injuries, with few studies concentrating on the management. In general, treatment of pediatric maxillofacial fractures is more conservative than in adults. When open reduction and internal fixation is necessary, either temporary placement of permanent titanium plating systems or absorbable plating is recommended. Increasing use of resorbable plating systems in rigid fixation of pediatric fractures is noted; however, these have not become the standard of care.
Pediatric facial fractures are relatively uncommon, but can cause significant short-term and long-term morbidity. A thorough understanding of the unique characteristics in the growing maxillofacial skeleton is a requisite for surgeons encountering these injuries.
回顾小儿面部创伤的流行病学、评估及治疗，重点关注小儿患者所面临的独特挑战。还将讨论当前管理方面的争议。
当前许多关于小儿面部创伤的文献聚焦于这些损伤的病因和流行病学，很少有研究关注治疗。总体而言，小儿颌面部骨折的治疗比成人更保守。当需要切开复位内固定时，建议临时放置永久性钛板系统或使用可吸收板。注意到可吸收板系统在小儿骨折坚强内固定中的使用越来越多；然而，这些尚未成为标准治疗方法。
小儿面部骨折相对不常见，但可导致显著的短期和长期发病。对于处理这些损伤的外科医生来说，透彻了解生长中的颌面部骨骼的独特特征是必要的。
