Shah Smita, Roydhouse Jessica K, Sawyer Susan M
Primary Healthcare Education and Research Unit, Sydney West Area Health Service, New South Wales, Australia.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008 Dec;20(6):705-10. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e32831551fa.
Patient education is an essential component of asthma management. The current paradigm of asthma education has moved away from the 'information-transfer' programmes that characterized earlier approaches and that were shown to be largely ineffective, to approaches that promote self-management education. In this article, we review the most recent research studies that discuss the impact of self-management education on health outcomes for asthma patients in the primary care setting.
Although there are several recent examples of asthma education practices in primary healthcare, they are mostly with community-based pharmacists and largely confined to adults. Further research is clearly required especially in relation to children and adolescents. A key aspect of optimizing asthma self-management education for patients is the need for more effective training interventions for primary care providers, and structural and organizational reform based on good evidence.
Health outcomes may be improved if there is greater consistency between the various different primary healthcare providers who manage children and families with asthma. There may be value in extending the concept of multidisciplinary care to include partnerships with community groups and organizations to ensure that asthma educational messages are reinforced across a variety of settings.
患者教育是哮喘管理的重要组成部分。当前哮喘教育模式已从早期以“信息传递”为主的项目（这些项目已被证明大多无效），转向促进自我管理教育的模式。在本文中，我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究探讨了自我管理教育对基层医疗环境中哮喘患者健康结局的影响。
尽管近期基层医疗中有一些哮喘教育实践的例子，但大多是与社区药剂师合作，且主要针对成年人。显然需要进一步研究，尤其是针对儿童和青少年的研究。为患者优化哮喘自我管理教育的一个关键方面是，需要为基层医疗服务提供者提供更有效的培训干预措施，并基于充分证据进行结构和组织改革。
如果管理哮喘患儿及其家庭的不同基层医疗服务提供者之间能更加协调一致，健康结局可能会得到改善。将多学科护理的概念扩展到包括与社区团体和组织的合作关系，以确保在各种环境中强化哮喘教育信息，可能是有价值的。
