Salem A, Hilow H, Khraisat A, Smadi L, Ryalat S
Dpt of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2008 Jun;31(122):5-10.
Smoking is known to be a risk factor for the progression of periodontal disease.
The aim of this study was to examine the association between intensity and duration of cigarette smoking with the presence of periodontal pockets at a young adult age in relation to oral hygiene practices.
A comparative study was carried out on a systematically selected random sample of 357 Jordanian university students aged between 18-28 years. Subjects were interviewed about their smoking habits for the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the duration. Clinical examination was performed by a qualified periodontist for the detection of periodontal pockets (probing depth > or = 5 mm). Subjects were divided into four groups: Group A (smoker with pockets at many sites), Group B (smoker with no pockets), Group C (non-smoker with pockets), and group D (non-smoker with no pockets). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test of association, One-Way ANOVA, and Logistic Regression were performed (P < 0.05).
The study showed 40.2% pockets prevalence among smokers (group A), while it was only 11.8% for non-smokers (group C), indicating strong association between periodontal pockets and smoking (P < 0.0001). Odds ratio for group A compared to group C was 5:1. In addition, the heavier the dose and the longer the duration of smoking, the more periodontal pockets were present (P < 0.0001). A significant association of the presence/absence of periodontal pockets and patient's own oral hygiene practices was found among the four groups (p < 0.05).
Among young smokers, this study has confirmed existence of significant association between smoking and presence of periodontal pockets, especially with increased intensity and longer duration of smoking.
已知吸烟是牙周病进展的一个风险因素。
本研究的目的是探讨在年轻成年人中，吸烟强度和持续时间与牙周袋的存在之间的关联，并与口腔卫生习惯相关。
对357名年龄在18 - 28岁之间的约旦大学生进行系统随机抽样，开展一项比较研究。就受试者的吸烟习惯，询问其每天吸烟的数量和持续时间。由一名合格的牙周病医生进行临床检查，以检测牙周袋（探诊深度≥5毫米）。受试者分为四组：A组（多处有牙周袋的吸烟者）、B组（无牙周袋的吸烟者）、C组（有牙周袋的非吸烟者）和D组（无牙周袋的非吸烟者）。数据分析包括描述性统计、关联的卡方检验、单因素方差分析，并进行逻辑回归分析（P < 0.05）。
研究显示吸烟者（A组）中牙周袋患病率为40.2%，而非吸烟者（C组）仅为11.8%，表明牙周袋与吸烟之间存在强关联（P < 0.0001）。A组与C组相比的优势比为5:1。此外，吸烟剂量越大、持续时间越长，牙周袋越多（P < 0.0001）。在四组中发现牙周袋的有无与患者自身口腔卫生习惯之间存在显著关联（p < 0.05）。
在年轻吸烟者中，本研究证实吸烟与牙周袋的存在之间存在显著关联，尤其是吸烟强度增加和持续时间延长时。
