Saburkina I, Pauziene N, Pauza D H
Institute for Anatomy, Kaunas University of Medicine, A. Mickeviciaus Street 9, Kaunas LT - 44307, Lithuania.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2009 Jun;38(3):194-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2008.00919.x. Epub 2008 Nov 10.
The aim of this study was to determine the developmental anatomy of intrinsic cardiac ganglia with respect to epicardiac ganglionated nerve plexus in the human fetuses at different gestation stages. Twenty fetal hearts were investigated applying a technique of histochemistry for acetylcholinesterase to visualize the epicardiac neural ganglionated plexus with its subsequent examinations on total (non-sectioned) hearts. Most epicardiac ganglia embodied multilayered neurons and were oval in shape, but some ganglia involved neurons lying in one layer or had the irregular appearance because of their extensions along inter-ganglionic nerves. The mean ganglion area of fetuses at gestation stages of 15-40 weeks was 0.03 +/- 0.008 mm(2). The largest epicardiac ganglia, reaching in area 0.4 mm(2), were concentrated on the dorsal surface of both atria. The particular fused or "dual" ganglia were identified at the gestation stages of 23-40 weeks, but they composed only 2.3 +/- 0.7% of all found epicardiac ganglia. A direct positive correlation was determined between the fetal age and the ganglion area (mm(2)) as well as between the fetal age and the number of inter-ganglionic nerves. The revealed appearance of epicardiac ganglia in the human fetuses at 15-40 weeks of gestation confirms their prenatal development and presumable intrinsic remodelling.
本研究的目的是确定不同妊娠阶段人类胎儿内心脏固有神经节相对于心外膜神经节丛的发育解剖结构。应用乙酰胆碱酯酶组织化学技术对20个胎儿心脏进行研究，以可视化心外膜神经节丛，并随后对完整（未切片）心脏进行检查。大多数心外膜神经节包含多层神经元，呈椭圆形，但有些神经节的神经元位于一层，或者由于沿着神经节间神经延伸而外观不规则。妊娠15 - 40周胎儿的神经节平均面积为0.03±0.008平方毫米。面积达0.4平方毫米的最大的心外膜神经节集中在两个心房的背表面。在妊娠23 - 40周阶段发现了特殊的融合或“双”神经节，但它们仅占所有发现的心外膜神经节的2.3±0.7%。确定了胎儿年龄与神经节面积（平方毫米）以及胎儿年龄与神经节间神经数量之间存在直接正相关。在妊娠15 - 40周的人类胎儿中揭示的心外膜神经节的外观证实了它们的产前发育和可能的内在重塑。
