Huang Yan, Giordano Frank J
Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Vascular Biology and Translation Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Methods Enzymol. 2008;444:285-304. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(08)02813-9.
A fundamental function of the vasculature is to deliver oxygen to tissues and organs. The cells that make up the vasculature also require oxygen, and are acted upon by oxygen in direct and indirect ways that can have significant effects on acute and chronic vascular function and morphology. The role that oxygen, or its absence, plays in defining the biology of the vasculature is thus of critical importance, yet remains an area about which there are many gaps in knowledge and understanding. Oxygen-associated paracrine mechanisms can drive vascular processes such as angiogenesis. The vasculature can also directly sense blood oxygen levels and differentially translate this information into rapid vasoconstriction responses in some vascular beds, and vasodilation in others. Furthering our understanding of how oxygen and hypoxia affect the vasculature may lead to greater insights into the mechanisms and pathogenesis of disease processes involving the vasculature, and lead to new therapeutic paradigms.
脉管系统的一项基本功能是向组织和器官输送氧气。构成脉管系统的细胞也需要氧气，并且会以直接或间接的方式受到氧气的影响，这可能对急性和慢性血管功能及形态产生重大影响。因此，氧气或缺氧在界定脉管系统生物学特性方面所起的作用至关重要，但仍是一个在知识和理解上存在诸多空白的领域。与氧气相关的旁分泌机制可驱动血管生成等血管过程。脉管系统还能直接感知血氧水平，并将此信息以不同方式转化为某些血管床的快速血管收缩反应以及另一些血管床的血管舒张反应。加深我们对氧气和缺氧如何影响脉管系统的理解，可能会让我们对涉及脉管系统的疾病过程的机制和发病机制有更深入的认识，并催生新的治疗模式。
