Moscovitch David A, Orr Elizabeth, Rowa Karen, Reimer Susanna Gehring, Antony Martin M
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Behav Res Ther. 2009 Jan;47(1):66-70. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.007. Epub 2008 Oct 17.
Sixty-seven individuals with social phobia (social anxiety disorder) and 60 healthy controls rated their perceived standing relative to others on 13 self-attribute dimensions, their level of certainty concerning those standings, and the importance of each dimension. As expected, individuals with social phobia provided self-ratings that were significantly more negative than controls across all dimensions. In addition, positive self-views were equated with higher levels of certainty and importance for controls, but not for individuals with social phobia. Thus, whereas reports of control participants reflected a healthy, positive framing of self-views, the ratings of clinical participants demonstrated an orientation toward self-framing that was neither positive nor negative. Together, these novel findings shed light on the nature of self-appraisals in social anxiety. Implications of these results are discussed in terms of contemporary cognitive-behavioral models of social phobia.
67名社交恐惧症(社交焦虑障碍)患者和60名健康对照者在13个自我属性维度上对自己相对于他人的感知地位、对这些地位的确定程度以及每个维度的重要性进行了评分。正如预期的那样,社交恐惧症患者在所有维度上给出的自我评分都明显比对照组更消极。此外,积极的自我看法与对照组更高的确定程度和重要性相关,但与社交恐惧症患者无关。因此,虽然对照组参与者的报告反映了对自我看法的健康、积极的构建,但临床参与者的评分显示出一种既非积极也非消极的自我构建倾向。这些新发现共同揭示了社交焦虑中自我评估的本质。本文根据当代社交恐惧症的认知行为模型讨论了这些结果的意义。