Huis in 't Veld J H
Faculteit Diergeneeskunde RUU, vakgroep Voedingsmiddelen-van Dierlijke, Oorsprong, Utrecht.
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1991 Mar 1;116(5):232-9.
A balanced and stable gastro-intestinal microflora is of vital importance for the optimum function of the gastro-intestinal tract and consequently for the health of man and animals. The gastro-intestinal microflora is a very complex ecosystem, the current knowledge of which is still very limited. It is obvious that the intestinal flora has a protective function (prevention of infection). In addition it has a positive effect on nutrition (digestion, effects on physiology, production of vitamins). Changes in diet, stress, the use of antibiotics and excessive hygiene all bring about changes in the micro-biological ecosystem and consequently changes in health conditions. Knowledge about the microbial ecology of the intestine is also of importance in the prevention of zoonoses. Recently, increasing attention is being paid to the development of methods to influence the composition of the gastro-intestinal microflora in man and animals by probiotics (dried cells or fermented food). These concepts will be dealt with in the present paper and, in addition some of the possible uses will be discussed.
平衡且稳定的胃肠道微生物群对于胃肠道的最佳功能至关重要，进而对人类和动物的健康也至关重要。胃肠道微生物群是一个非常复杂的生态系统，目前我们对其的了解仍然非常有限。显然，肠道菌群具有保护功能（预防感染）。此外，它对营养（消化、对生理的影响、维生素的产生）有积极作用。饮食变化、压力、抗生素的使用以及过度卫生都会导致微生物生态系统发生变化，进而导致健康状况改变。关于肠道微生物生态学的知识在人畜共患病的预防中也很重要。最近，人们越来越关注通过益生菌（干燥细胞或发酵食品）来影响人和动物胃肠道微生物群组成的方法的开发。本文将探讨这些概念，此外还将讨论一些可能的用途。
