Daly Robin M, Ahlborg Henrik G, Ringsberg Karin, Gardsell Per, Sernbo Ingemar, Karlsson Magnus K
Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Western Hospital, Footscray, Melbourne, Australia.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008 Dec;56(12):2252-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02039.x. Epub 2008 Nov 5.
To investigate the long-term effects of habitual physical activity on changes in musculoskeletal health, functional performance, and fracture risk in elderly men and women.
Ten-year prospective population-based study.
Malmö-Sjöbo Prospective Study, Sweden.
Participants were 152 men and 206 women aged 50, 60, 70, and 80 who were followed for 10 years.
Distal radius bone mineral density (BMD) (single photon absorptiometry), upper limb muscle (grip) strength, balance, gait velocity, occupational and leisure-time activity, and fractures (interview-administered questionnaire) were reassessed after 10 years. Annual changes for all measures were compared between participants with varying habitual physical activity histories at baseline and follow-up: inactive-inactive (n=202), active-inactive (n=47), inactive-active (n=49), and active-active (n=60). Data for men and women were pooled, because there were no sex-by-activity group interactions. To detect possible differences in fracture incidence between the varying habitual activity groups, participants were classified into two activity groups based on their activity classification at baseline and follow-up: inactive:less active versus active:more active.
The annual rate of bone loss was 0.6% per year less in individuals classified as active at both time points than in those classified as inactive at both time points (P<.01). Similar results were observed for balance, but there was no effect of varying habitual activity on changes in muscle strength or gait velocity. There were also no differences in fracture incidence between individuals categorized as active:more active and those categorized as inactive:less active during the follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio=0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.42-1.90).
This study showed that elderly men and women who maintained a habitually active lifestyle over 10 years had lower bone loss and retained better balance than those who remained habitually inactive.
探讨习惯性身体活动对老年男性和女性肌肉骨骼健康变化、功能表现及骨折风险的长期影响。
为期十年的基于人群的前瞻性研究。
瑞典马尔默 - 舍博前瞻性研究。
年龄分别为50、60、70和80岁的152名男性和206名女性，随访10年。
随访10年后重新评估桡骨远端骨密度（BMD）（单光子吸收法）、上肢肌肉（握力）力量、平衡能力、步态速度、职业和休闲活动以及骨折情况（通过访谈问卷）。比较基线和随访时具有不同习惯性身体活动史的参与者各项指标的年度变化：从不活动 - 从不活动组（n = 202）、活跃 - 不活动组（n = 47）、不活动 - 活跃组（n = 49）和活跃 - 活跃组（n = 60）。由于不存在性别与活动组的交互作用，因此将男性和女性的数据合并。为检测不同习惯性活动组之间骨折发生率的可能差异，根据参与者在基线和随访时的活动分类将其分为两个活动组：不活动：活动较少组与活跃：活动较多组。
在两个时间点均被分类为活跃的个体，其每年的骨质流失率比在两个时间点均被分类为不活动的个体低0.6%（P <.01）。平衡能力方面也观察到类似结果，但不同习惯性活动对肌肉力量或步态速度的变化没有影响。在随访期间，被分类为活跃：活动较多的个体与被分类为不活动：活动较少的个体之间骨折发生率也没有差异（调整后的风险比 = 0.90，95%置信区间（CI）= 0.42 - 1.90）。
本研究表明，在10年期间保持习惯性活跃生活方式的老年男性和女性比那些习惯性不活动的人骨质流失更少，且保持了更好的平衡能力。
