Dussart Claude, Pommier Pascal, Siranyan Valérie, Grelaud Gilles, Dussart Sophie
Military teaching hospital Desgenettes, Hospital Pharmacy, Lyon, France.
J Eval Clin Pract. 2008 Oct;14(5):718-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.01071.x.
Learning through experience is an important approach that humans employ to comprehend new problems. The knowledge of physicians does not only consist of rules, but of a mixture of textbook knowledge and experience. Medical treatment is facing a challenge of knowledge discovery from the growing volume of information.
Case-based reasoning (CBR) matches the natural reasoning model of human. This approach is similar to that used by physicians when they are thinking: 'I have seen a patient like this', and provides instant recollection of past cases that may be relevant to the present case. In fact, CBR is an approach for solving problems based on solutions of similar past cases. Unlike other forms of reasoning such as rule-based reasoning, CBR does not draw conclusions by chaining together generalized rules.
The application of CBR to medical databases can be powerful techniques to aid physicians in making decisions about the management of their patients, in various types of medical units. CBR is an effective reasoning strategy for optimizing clinical practice.
通过经验学习是人类用来理解新问题的一种重要方法。医生的知识不仅包括规则，还包括教科书知识与经验的混合。医疗正面临着从日益增长的信息量中发现知识的挑战。
基于案例的推理（CBR）与人类的自然推理模式相匹配。这种方法类似于医生思考时所用的方法：“我见过这样的病人”，并能即时回忆起过去可能与当前病例相关的病例。事实上，CBR是一种基于过去类似病例的解决方案来解决问题的方法。与其他形式的推理（如基于规则的推理）不同，CBR不是通过将广义规则链接在一起得出结论。
将CBR应用于医学数据库可以成为强大的技术，帮助医生在各类医疗单位中对患者的管理做出决策。CBR是优化临床实践的一种有效推理策略。
