Burke J M, Wells A, Casey P, Miller J E
Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, USDA, ARS, 6883 S. State Hwy 23, Booneville, AR 72927, USA.
Vet Parasitol. 2009 Feb 5;159(2):171-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.021. Epub 2008 Oct 15.
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) continue to hinder small ruminant production because of anthelmintic resistance and lack of effective products for GIN control in organic production. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a commercially available certified organic garlic product, fresh garlic juice, or garlic bulbs as an anthelmintic to control GIN in goats and papaya seeds for GIN control in lambs. In the first experiment, weaned meat goat kids were administered water or a commercial garlic juice product (n=7/treatment). In the second experiment, kids were administered water, fresh garlic juice, or fed garlic bulbs (n=9 or 10/treatment). In a third experiment, lambs were administered nothing or papaya seed in water (n=12/treatment). Naturally infected goats were supplemented with bermudagrass hay and corn/soybean supplement in the first experiment or maintained on bermudagrass pasture in the second experiment or lambs grazed mixed grasses in the third. Blood and fecal samples were collected on Days 0, 7, and 14 after administration of treatment to examine changes in blood packed cell volume (PCV) and fecal egg counts (FEC). PCV and FEC were similar by Day 14 between kids treated with a commercial garlic juice and water in the first experiment. Similarly, PCV was not different among treatment groups in the second experiment. FEC of the garlic juice group was lower than the other two groups on Day 0, but was similar among groups by Day 14. Deworming was required in one goat within each treatment group by Day 7 and in three kids in the garlic juice group and two in the garlic bulb group by Day 14. No changes in PCV or FEC were apparent in response to papaya seed compared with untreated lambs. Based on the alternative plant products used in this study, garlic or papaya seed is not recommended as an aid to control GIN in goats or lambs.
胃肠道线虫（GIN）由于抗蠕虫药耐药性以及有机生产中缺乏有效的GIN控制产品，持续阻碍着小反刍动物的生产。本研究的目的是检验一种市售的经认证的有机大蒜产品、新鲜大蒜汁或大蒜鳞茎作为驱虫剂对山羊体内GIN的控制效果，以及番木瓜籽对羔羊体内GIN的控制效果。在第一个实验中，给断奶的肉用山羊羔饮用清水或一种市售大蒜汁产品（每组n = 7）。在第二个实验中，给羔羊饮用清水、新鲜大蒜汁或喂食大蒜鳞茎（每组n = 9或10）。在第三个实验中，给羔羊不做处理或饮用含番木瓜籽的水（每组n = 12）。在第一个实验中，自然感染的山羊补充百慕大草干草和玉米/大豆补充料；在第二个实验中，山羊在百慕大草牧场上饲养；在第三个实验中，羔羊放牧于混播草地。在给予处理后的第0、7和14天采集血液和粪便样本，以检查血液红细胞压积（PCV）和粪便虫卵计数（FEC）的变化。在第一个实验中，到第14天时，用市售大蒜汁处理的羔羊与饮用清水的羔羊之间的PCV和FEC相似。同样，在第二个实验中，各处理组之间的PCV没有差异。在第0天，大蒜汁组的FEC低于其他两组，但到第14天时各组之间相似。到第7天时，每个处理组中有1只山羊需要驱虫，到第14天时，大蒜汁组有3只羔羊、大蒜鳞茎组有2只羔羊需要驱虫。与未处理的羔羊相比，番木瓜籽处理对PCV或FEC没有明显影响。基于本研究中使用的替代植物产品，不建议使用大蒜或番木瓜籽来辅助控制山羊或羔羊体内的GIN。
