Herr R D, White G L
Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City.
Mil Med. 1991 Mar;156(3):140-4.
Hypothermia has altered the course of military history. Military casualties tend to occur in epidemics, associated with cold weather combat or maneuvers, trauma, immobilization, improper clothing, exhaustion, and underlying illness. Symptoms of hypothermia begin subtly with fatigue and loss of concentration, but progress to stupor, coma, and resemble rigor mortis. Treatment of mild hypothermia is with body heat and warm clothes and fluids. Moderate and severe cases require gentle evacuation and active core rewarming method(s). Inhalation of warm (40 degrees C, 104 degrees F) humidified oxygen is safe, effective, and can be begun in the field. Recognition of risk factors and active measures can lessen the menance of cold weather for military personnel.
体温过低改变了军事历史的进程。军事伤亡往往发生在流行病中，与寒冷天气下的战斗或演习、创伤、固定不动、着装不当、疲惫以及潜在疾病有关。体温过低的症状起初表现为轻微的疲劳和注意力不集中，但会发展为昏迷、昏睡，且类似尸僵。轻度体温过低的治疗方法是通过身体热量、暖和的衣物及液体。中度和重度病例需要轻柔的后送以及积极的核心复温方法。吸入温暖（40摄氏度，104华氏度）的湿化氧气安全、有效，且可在野外开始实施。识别危险因素并采取积极措施能够减轻寒冷天气对军事人员的威胁。
