Bennett Brad L, Holcomb John B
Military & Emergency Medicine Department, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland (Bennett).
Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Injury Research, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas (Holcomb).
Wilderness Environ Med. 2017 Jun;28(2S):S82-S89. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 May 5.
For centuries, cold and wet weather has affected military combat operations leading to tremendous loss of manpower caused by cold-weather-related injuries including trench foot, frostbite, and hypothermia. The initial battlefield management of hypothermia in military personnel had not advanced significantly following many wars and conflicts until 2006. The aim of this review is to: 1) provide an overview of trauma-induced hypothermia (TIH); 2) highlight the Department of Defense strategy for the implementation of a hypothermia clinical management program for battlefield (prehospital) casualties; 3) highlight the research and development of the Hypothermia Prevention and Management Kit (HPMK) as the preferred field rewarming system for battlefield TIH; and 4) emphasize how the HPMK can be easily transitioned to the civilian sector for active rewarming of both accidental and TIH patients. The HPMK is ideal for those working in civilian Emergency Medical Services and austere prehospital care environments. This kit is a low cost, lightweight, small dimension commercial product that can provide effective passive management or active rewarming for both accidental (primary) and trauma-induced (secondary) hypothermia patients.
几个世纪以来，寒冷潮湿的天气一直影响着军事作战行动，导致因寒冷天气相关损伤（包括战壕足、冻伤和体温过低）造成巨大的人员伤亡。在2006年之前，经过多次战争和冲突后，军事人员体温过低的初始战场管理并没有显著进展。本综述的目的是：1）概述创伤性体温过低（TIH）；2）强调国防部为战场（院前）伤员实施体温过低临床管理计划的策略；3）突出低温预防和管理套件（HPMK）作为战场TIH首选现场复温系统的研发情况；4）强调HPMK如何能够轻松地过渡到民用部门，用于意外和TIH患者的主动复温。HPMK非常适合从事民用紧急医疗服务和艰苦院前护理环境工作的人员。该套件是一种低成本、轻重量、小尺寸的商业产品，可为意外（原发性）和创伤性（继发性）体温过低患者提供有效的被动管理或主动复温。
