Pedersen Craig A, Gumpper Karl F
College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008 Dec 1;65(23):2244-64. doi: 10.2146/ajhp080488.
Results of the 2007 ASHP national survey on informatics are presented.
All types and sizes of hospitals in the United States were included in the sample of 4112 pharmacy directors surveyed using an online data collection tool. The survey included over 300 data elements and was designed to assess the adoption and use of pharmacy informatics and technology within the medication-use process.
In this national probability sample survey, the response rate was 25.9%. Hospitals appear to be moving toward an enterprise approach to information technology adoption and away from a best-of-breed approach. Although nearly half of hospitals have components of an electronic medical record (EMR), a complete digital hospital with a fully implemented EMR is far in the future, with only 5.9% of hospitals being fully digital (without paper records). An estimated 12.0% of hospitals use computerized prescriber-order-entry systems with decision support, 24.1% use bar-code medication administration, and 44.0% use intelligent infusion devices (smart pumps). Many of these technologies were not optimally configured, and significant advances must be made for hospitals to fully realize the benefits of these technologies. Hospitals have implemented many technologies in drug distribution, with 82.8% of hospitals having automated dispensing cabinets, 10.1% having robots, and 12.7% having carousel systems to manage inventory. Finally, most hospitals reported plans to adopt most of these technologies.
This survey found that informatics and medication-use system technologies are widely present in all steps of the medication-use process. These technologies touch all health care professionals in the hospital and demonstrate the significant responsibility the pharmacy department holds for these technologies.
介绍2007年美国卫生系统药师协会（ASHP）关于信息学的全国性调查结果。
使用在线数据收集工具对4112名药房主任进行调查，样本包括美国所有类型和规模的医院。该调查包含300多个数据元素，旨在评估药学信息学和技术在药物使用过程中的采用和使用情况。
在这项全国概率抽样调查中，回复率为25.9%。医院似乎正朝着采用企业级信息技术方法发展，而不再采用最佳-of-breed方法。尽管近一半的医院拥有电子病历（EMR）的部分组件，但完全实现EMR的完整数字化医院仍遥遥无期，只有5.9%的医院完全数字化（无纸质记录）。估计12.0%的医院使用带有决策支持功能的计算机化医嘱录入系统，24.1%使用条形码给药，44.0%使用智能输液设备（智能泵）。这些技术中的许多并未得到最佳配置，医院要充分实现这些技术的益处，还必须取得重大进展。医院在药品分发方面已实施了许多技术，82.8%的医院拥有自动发药柜，10.1%拥有机器人，12.7%拥有旋转木马系统来管理库存。最后，大多数医院报告了采用这些技术中的大多数的计划。
本次调查发现，信息学和药物使用系统技术广泛存在于药物使用过程的各个环节。这些技术涉及医院的所有医疗保健专业人员，并表明药房部门对这些技术负有重大责任。
