Cannell Ian G, Kong Yi Wen, Bushell Martin
School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2008 Dec;36(Pt 6):1224-31. doi: 10.1042/BST0361224.
miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3'-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing. The exact mechanism of miRNA-mediated translational repression is yet to be fully determined, but recent data from our laboratory have shown that the stage of translation which is inhibited by miRNAs is dependent upon the promoter used for transcribing the target mRNA. This review focuses on understanding how miRNA repression is operating in light of these findings and the questions that still remain.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类短链非编码RNA，可在转录后水平调控基因表达。它们通常与靶标信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的3'非翻译区（UTR）结合，并通过使mRNA不稳定和翻译沉默来抑制蛋白质生成。miRNA介导的翻译抑制的确切机制尚未完全明确，但我们实验室最近的数据表明，miRNA抑制的翻译阶段取决于用于转录靶标mRNA的启动子。本综述着重于根据这些发现以及仍然存在的问题来理解miRNA抑制是如何发挥作用的。
