Wasmer Christin, Pohl Yango, Filippi Andreas
Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Radiology and Oral Medicine, University of Basle, Basle, Switzerland.
Dent Traumatol. 2008 Dec;24(6):619-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00681.x.
Traumatic dental injuries are a major cause of morbidity among children. Investigation of risk factors of dental trauma is important to take preventive measures in patients at high risk for tooth accidents. The aim of this work was to conduct a pilot study in twins, assessing concordance of suffered traumatic dental and facial injuries. Comparison of concordances between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs was performed in order to investigate possible genetically determined accident-proneness. Standardized interviews were conducted focusing on the frequency of orofacial accidents and their circumstances. In addition, the front teeth of all participating twins were clinically examined. A total of 104 twins (52 twin pairs) were surveyed: 31 of the 52 twin pairs were DZ and 21 pairs were MZ. 36 (34.6%) of the 104 interviewees had already suffered from a tooth injury, whereas 53 (51%) of the participants had experienced a facial injury. Investigation of concordances of suffered traumatic dental injuries revealed that 66.7% of the MZ twin pairs and 58.1% of the DZ pairs were concordant. With respect to facial traumata, 52.4% of the MZ pairs compared to 58.1% of the DZ pairs were concordant. Differences between zygosity were not statistically significant (P >/= 0.05). With the present pilot study, no statistical evidence of genetic risk for dental and facial injuries could be displayed. On the contrary, environmental factors seem to dominate in determining an individual's risk for orofacial traumata.
创伤性牙损伤是儿童发病的主要原因之一。调查牙外伤的危险因素对于采取预防措施保护高风险牙齿意外患者很重要。本研究的目的是对双胞胎进行一项初步研究，评估遭受的创伤性牙及面部损伤的一致性。比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎之间的一致性，以调查可能由基因决定的易发性。进行标准化访谈，重点关注口腔颌面部意外的发生频率及其情况。此外，对所有参与研究的双胞胎的前牙进行临床检查。共调查了104对双胞胎（52对双胞胎）：52对双胞胎中有31对是异卵双胞胎，21对是同卵双胞胎。104名受访者中有36人（34.6%）曾遭受过牙齿损伤，而53名参与者（51%）经历过面部损伤。对遭受的创伤性牙损伤一致性的调查显示，66.7%的同卵双胞胎对和58.1%的异卵双胞胎对是一致的。关于面部创伤，52.4%的同卵双胞胎对与58.1%的异卵双胞胎对是一致的。合子性之间的差异无统计学意义（P≥0.05）。通过本初步研究，未发现牙及面部损伤存在遗传风险的统计学证据。相反，环境因素似乎在决定个体口腔颌面部创伤风险方面起主导作用。
