Lam Raymond, Abbott Paul, Lloyd Christopher, Lloyd Carmel, Kruger Estie, Tennant Marc
School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands.
Dent Traumatol. 2008 Dec;24(6):663-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00689.x.
BACKGROUND/AIM: There is little epidemiological research regarding dental trauma in Australia. Previous research has largely focused on specific sub-populations with data not necessarily applicable to a general rural Australian population. Studies from other countries have presented variable data and the relevance of their findings to the Australian setting is questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, causes and presentation of dental trauma in a large rural centre in Australia.
A retrospective analysis was performed of the dental records of 323 consecutive patients who had attended a private general dental practice in Bunbury, Western Australia following an injury to their teeth and/or mouths during the period from May 2000 to December 2005 (inclusive). Injuries were classified using the Andreasen system (1994). Data analysis was carried out using spss software and Chi-Square tests were performed with the level of significance set at 5%.
There were 528 teeth injured and eight patients had only soft tissue injuries. Males (68.1%) significantly outnumbered females (31.9%) and the ages ranged from 10 months to 78 years. The highest number of injuries occurred in children and adolescents, specifically the 0- to 4-year age group followed by the 5- to 9-year age and 10- to 14-year age groups. Trauma was most frequently the result of falls, accidents while playing and participating in sports activities.
The maxillary central incisors were the most commonly injured teeth in both the primary and permanent dentitions. Uncomplicated crown fractures were the most common injury followed by luxations and subluxations. No significant differences in frequency were reported for the different days of the week, the different months or seasons of the year. Only one-third of the patients presented for dental treatment within 24 h of the injury while the remainder delayed seeking treatment for varying times up to 1 year.
背景/目的：在澳大利亚，关于牙外伤的流行病学研究较少。以往的研究主要集中在特定亚人群，其数据不一定适用于澳大利亚农村普通人群。其他国家的研究呈现出不同的数据，其研究结果与澳大利亚情况的相关性值得怀疑。本研究的目的是调查澳大利亚一个大型农村中心牙外伤的患病率、病因及表现。
对2000年5月至2005年12月（含）期间在西澳大利亚州本伯里一家私人普通牙科诊所就诊的323例牙齿和/或口腔受伤的连续患者的牙科记录进行回顾性分析。损伤采用安德里亚森系统（1994年）进行分类。使用spss软件进行数据分析，并进行卡方检验，显著性水平设定为5%。
共有528颗牙齿受伤，8例患者仅有软组织损伤。男性（68.1%）明显多于女性（31.9%），年龄范围为10个月至78岁。受伤人数最多的是儿童和青少年，特别是0至4岁年龄组，其次是5至9岁年龄组和10至14岁年龄组。外伤最常见的原因是跌倒、玩耍和参加体育活动时发生的意外事故。
上颌中切牙是乳牙列和恒牙列中最常受伤的牙齿。单纯冠折是最常见的损伤，其次是牙齿松动和半脱位。一周中不同日期、一年中不同月份或季节的损伤频率无显著差异。只有三分之一的患者在受伤后24小时内寻求牙科治疗，其余患者则延迟不同时间直至1年才寻求治疗。
