Kovacs Monika, Pacurar Mariana, Petcu Blanka, Bukhari Csilla
Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania.
Oral Health Dent Manag. 2012 Sep;11(3):116-24.
This retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental trauma in deciduous and permanent teeth among children and teenagers who attended two dental clinics in Targu Mures, Romania, between 2003 and 2011 and the correlation of their risk of dental trauma with factors, including gender, age, physical activities and extent of incisor overjet.
The study population consisted of patients aged between 1 and 18 years who attended the Clinic of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Targu Mures, in the period between January 2003 and August 2011. Their records were reviewed and the following factors, relevant to dental trauma, were recorded: gender, age, type of dentition, injury aetiology, lesion type and location, number of teeth affected, occlusion, and radiography. For patients who attended the orthodontics clinic, the degree of overjet was also determined.
The overall prevalence of dental trauma was 24.5%. The frequency of traumatic injuries to deciduous teeth was approximately equal for boys and girls, and the most for those between 1 and 2 years. In the permanent dentition, a dental trauma was more frequently found boys, and the most affected age group was between 11 and 12 years, for both boys and girls. The most common causes were falls, in deciduous teeth especially during learning to walk, and in permanent teeth particularly during cycling or other sporting mishaps. The most frequent type of trauma found in the deciduous dentition was lateral luxation and in the permanent teeth it was fracture with the involvement of enamel and dentine, but without the exposure of the dental pulp. A positive relationship was noted between the presence of overjet associated with lip incompetence and the frequency of dental trauma.
The prevalence of dental trauma in children and adolescents who attended the Clinic of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Targu Mures, was broadly similar to that found in other studies. More epidemiologic studies are needed to gain a more comprehensive overview of the prevalence of dental trauma in Romania.
本回顾性研究旨在评估2003年至2011年期间在罗马尼亚特尔古穆列什的两家牙科诊所就诊的儿童和青少年乳牙及恒牙牙外伤的患病率，以及他们牙外伤风险与包括性别、年龄、体育活动和切牙覆盖程度等因素之间的相关性。
研究人群包括2003年1月至2011年8月期间在特尔古穆列什儿童牙科与正畸诊所及口腔颌面外科诊所就诊的1至18岁患者。查阅他们的病历，并记录以下与牙外伤相关的因素：性别、年龄、牙列类型、损伤病因、病变类型和位置、受累牙齿数量、咬合情况及影像学检查结果。对于在正畸诊所就诊的患者，还确定了覆盖程度。
牙外伤的总体患病率为24.5%。乳牙外伤的发生率在男孩和女孩中大致相等，1至2岁的儿童最为常见。在恒牙列中，男孩更容易发生牙外伤，11至12岁的男孩和女孩受影响最严重。最常见的原因是跌倒，乳牙外伤尤其发生在学步期，恒牙外伤则特别发生在骑自行车或其他体育意外时。乳牙列中最常见的外伤类型是侧向脱位，恒牙列中则是釉质和牙本质受累的骨折，但牙髓未暴露。发现唇功能不全相关的覆盖与牙外伤频率之间存在正相关。
在特尔古穆列什儿童牙科与正畸诊所及口腔颌面外科诊所就诊的儿童和青少年牙外伤患病率与其他研究中发现的大致相似。需要更多的流行病学研究来更全面地了解罗马尼亚牙外伤的患病率。
