Mendez Michelle A, Torrent Maties, Julvez Jordi, Ribas-Fitó Nuria, Kogevinas Manolis, Sunyer Jordi
Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology/Municipal Institute of Medical Research (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), 88 Dr Aiguader Street, Barcelona, E-08003, Spain.
Public Health Nutr. 2009 Oct;12(10):1702-10. doi: 10.1017/S1368980008003947. Epub 2008 Nov 25.
To analyse the relationship between maternal intakes of fish and other seafood during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment at age 4 years. Although pregnant women are advised to limit seafood intakes because of possible neurotoxin contamination, several studies suggest that overall maternal seafood intakes are associated with improved child neurodevelopment, perhaps because of higher DHA intakes.
The study uses data from a prospective birth cohort study. Maternal seafood intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ administered shortly after delivery. Multivariate linear regression was used to estimate associations between seafood consumption and scores on the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MCSA). Analyses were stratified by breast-feeding duration as breast milk is a source of DHA during the postnatal phase of the brain growth spurt.
Menorca, Spain, 1997-2001.
Full-term children (n 392) with data on maternal diet in pregnancy, breast-feeding duration and neurodevelopment at age 4 years.
Among children breast-fed for <6 months, maternal fish intakes of >2-3 times/week were associated with significantly higher scores on several MCSA subscales compared with intakes < or =1 time/week. There was no association among children breast-fed for longer periods. Maternal intakes of other seafood (shellfish/squid) were, however, inversely associated with scores on several subscales, regardless of breast-feeding duration.
The study suggests that moderately high intakes of fish, but not other seafood, during pregnancy may be beneficial for neurodevelopment among children breast-fed for <6 months. Further research in other populations with high seafood intakes and data on additional potential confounders are needed to confirm this finding.
分析孕期母亲鱼类及其他海产品摄入量与4岁儿童神经发育之间的关系。尽管因可能存在神经毒素污染，建议孕妇限制海产品摄入量，但多项研究表明，母亲总体海产品摄入量与儿童神经发育改善有关，这可能是由于DHA摄入量较高。
本研究使用了一项前瞻性出生队列研究的数据。产后不久通过半定量食物频率问卷评估母亲的海产品摄入量。采用多元线性回归估计海产品消费与儿童能力麦卡锡量表（MCSA）得分之间的关联。由于母乳是脑发育快速期产后阶段DHA的来源，因此按母乳喂养持续时间进行分层分析。
西班牙梅诺卡岛，1997 - 2001年。
有孕期母亲饮食、母乳喂养持续时间及4岁时神经发育数据的足月儿童（n = 392）。
在母乳喂养时间不足6个月的儿童中，与每周摄入鱼类≤1次相比，母亲每周鱼类摄入量>2 - 3次与MCSA几个分量表得分显著较高相关。在母乳喂养时间较长的儿童中则无关联。然而，无论母乳喂养持续时间如何，母亲其他海产品（贝类/鱿鱼）摄入量与几个分量表得分呈负相关。
该研究表明，孕期适度大量摄入鱼类而非其他海产品，可能对母乳喂养时间不足６个月的儿童神经发育有益。需要在其他海产品摄入量高的人群中进行进一步研究，并获取有关其他潜在混杂因素的数据，以证实这一发现。
