Tanofsky-Kraff Marian, Haynos Ann F, Kotler Lisa A, Yanovski Susan Z, Yanovski Jack A
Unit on Growth and Obesity, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS.
Curr Nutr Food Sci. 2007;3(1):55-74. doi: 10.2174/1573401310703010055.
The prevalence of pediatric overweight has increased dramatically over the past three decades, likely due to changes in food intake as well as physical activity. Therefore, information examining eating patterns among children and adolescents is needed to illuminate which aspects of eating behavior require modification to prevent and treat pediatric overweight. Because child self-report and parent-report of children's eating habits are often inconsistent and limited by recall and other biases, laboratory-based studies in which food intake is observed and monitored have increased in number. Such studies offer objective and controlled methods of measuring and describing eating behaviors. However, to our knowledge, no publication exists that consolidates, reviews, and provides critical commentary on the literature to date in pediatric samples. In this paper, we review the literature of studies utilizing laboratory methods to examine eating behavior in samples ranging from birth through adolescence. Our review includes all relevant articles retrieved from the PubMed, Medline and PsychInfo search engines. Specifically, we examine meal-feeding studies conducted during the various developmental stages (infancy, preschool, middle childhood, and adolescence), with a focus on methodology. Included in our review are feeding studies related to dietary regulation, exposure and preference, as well as paradigms examining disordered eating patterns and their relationship to body composition. We have structured this review so that both consistent and inconsistent findings are presented by age group, and innovative methods of assessment are discussed in more detail. Following each section, we summarize findings and draw potential conclusions from the available data. We then discuss clinical implications of the research data and suggest directions for the next generation of studies of feeding behavior in children.
在过去三十年里，儿童超重的患病率急剧上升，这可能归因于食物摄入量和身体活动的变化。因此，需要研究儿童和青少年的饮食模式，以明确饮食行为的哪些方面需要调整，从而预防和治疗儿童超重问题。由于儿童自我报告和家长报告的饮食习惯往往不一致，且受回忆及其他偏差的限制，观察和监测食物摄入量的实验室研究数量有所增加。此类研究提供了测量和描述饮食行为的客观且可控的方法。然而，据我们所知，目前尚无出版物对儿科样本中的相关文献进行整合、综述并给出批判性评论。在本文中，我们回顾了利用实验室方法研究从出生到青少年各年龄段样本饮食行为的文献。我们的综述涵盖了从PubMed、Medline和PsychInfo搜索引擎检索到的所有相关文章。具体而言，我们考察了在不同发育阶段（婴儿期、学龄前、童年中期和青少年期）进行的进餐喂养研究，重点关注研究方法。我们的综述包括与饮食调节、接触和偏好相关的喂养研究，以及考察饮食失调模式及其与身体成分关系的范例。我们对本综述进行了结构化安排，以便按年龄组呈现一致和不一致的研究结果，并更详细地讨论创新的评估方法。在每个部分之后，我们总结研究结果，并从现有数据中得出潜在结论。然后，我们讨论研究数据的临床意义，并为下一代儿童喂养行为研究提出方向。
