Ding Xi-lai, Sun Ai-jun, Zhou Yuan-zheng, Tian Qin-jie, Yu Qi, He Fang-fang, Shen Keng, Lang Jing-he
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Jun;43(6):442-4.
To identify the potential neoplastic risk in gonadal development abnormality with Y chromosome.
Inquiries about the illness history were made. Lymphocyte chromosomal karyotype of peripheral blood was analyzed. Sex determining region Y gene and relative steroids and enzymes were detected. Gonadal site was examined through medical imaging. Gonadal excision was performed by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Pathological examinations were done on all of the specimens.
Among 41 cases of androgen insensitive syndrome, spermatogenic cell neoplasm occurred in 1 patient, sertoli cell tumor in 2, and interstitial cell hyperplasia in 5. Among 14 cases of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (XY) syndrome, one was sertoli cell tumor, and one was sertoli cell hyperplasia. In 4 cases of XY pure gonadal dysgenesis, one was gonadoblastoma with dysgerminoma. One of 16 cases of XO/XY gonadal dysgenesis was spermatogenic cell neoplasm with agenda cell tumor. Four cases of testes degeneration were all with dysgenetic testes. All of the gonadoblastoma and germ-cell tumor were located in the pelvis. Tumors occurred mostly during 15 years of age to 32 years.
The gonads of XY pure gonadal dysgenesis has high risks of gonadoblastoma and germ-cell tumor. The older the onset age after puberty, the higher the malignancy risk is. Once diagnosed, bilateral gonads should be excised as soon as possible.
明确伴有Y染色体的性腺发育异常中的潜在肿瘤风险。
询问病史。分析外周血淋巴细胞染色体核型。检测性别决定区Y基因及相关类固醇和酶。通过医学影像检查性腺部位。经剖腹手术或腹腔镜进行性腺切除。对所有标本进行病理检查。
在41例雄激素不敏感综合征患者中,1例发生生精细胞瘤,2例发生支持细胞瘤,5例发生间质细胞增生。在14例17α-羟化酶缺乏(XY)综合征患者中,1例为支持细胞瘤,1例为支持细胞增生。在4例XY单纯性腺发育不全患者中,1例为性腺母细胞瘤合并无性细胞瘤。在16例XO/XY性腺发育不全患者中,1例为生精细胞瘤合并腺癌。4例睾丸退化患者均伴有发育异常的睾丸。所有性腺母细胞瘤和生殖细胞肿瘤均位于盆腔。肿瘤多发生于15岁至32岁之间。
XY单纯性腺发育不全患者的性腺发生性腺母细胞瘤和生殖细胞肿瘤的风险较高。青春期后发病年龄越大,恶性风险越高。一旦确诊,应尽快切除双侧性腺。